A framework for modeling performers' beat-to-beat heart intervals using music features and Interpretation Maps

TY - JOUR

T1 - A framework for modeling performers' beat-to-beat heart intervals using music features and Interpretation Maps

AU - Soliński, Mateusz

AU - Reed, Courtney N

AU - Chew, Elaine

N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2024 Soliński, Reed and Chew.

PY - 2024/9/4

Y1 - 2024/9/4

N2 - OBJECTIVE: Music strongly modulates our autonomic nervous system. This modulation is evident in musicians' beat-to-beat heart (RR) intervals, a marker of heart rate variability (HRV), and can be related to music features and structures. We present a novel approach to modeling musicians' RR interval variations, analyzing detailed components within a music piece to extract continuous music features and annotations of musicians' performance decisions.METHODS: A professional ensemble (violinist, cellist, and pianist) performs Schubert's Trio No. 2, Op. 100, Andante con moto nine times during rehearsals. RR interval series are collected from each musician using wireless ECG sensors. Linear mixed models are used to predict their RR intervals based on music features (tempo, loudness, note density), interpretive choices (Interpretation Map), and a starting factor.RESULTS: The models explain approximately half of the variability of the RR interval series for all musicians, with R-squared = 0.606 (violinist), 0.494 (cellist), and 0.540 (pianist). The features with the strongest predictive values were loudness, climax, moment of concern, and starting factor.CONCLUSIONS: The method revealed the relative effects of different music features on autonomic response. For the first time, we show a strong link between an interpretation map and RR interval changes. Modeling autonomic response to music stimuli is important for developing medical and non-medical interventions. Our models can serve as a framework for estimating performers' physiological reactions using only music information that could also apply to listeners.

AB - OBJECTIVE: Music strongly modulates our autonomic nervous system. This modulation is evident in musicians' beat-to-beat heart (RR) intervals, a marker of heart rate variability (HRV), and can be related to music features and structures. We present a novel approach to modeling musicians' RR interval variations, analyzing detailed components within a music piece to extract continuous music features and annotations of musicians' performance decisions.METHODS: A professional ensemble (violinist, cellist, and pianist) performs Schubert's Trio No. 2, Op. 100, Andante con moto nine times during rehearsals. RR interval series are collected from each musician using wireless ECG sensors. Linear mixed models are used to predict their RR intervals based on music features (tempo, loudness, note density), interpretive choices (Interpretation Map), and a starting factor.RESULTS: The models explain approximately half of the variability of the RR interval series for all musicians, with R-squared = 0.606 (violinist), 0.494 (cellist), and 0.540 (pianist). The features with the strongest predictive values were loudness, climax, moment of concern, and starting factor.CONCLUSIONS: The method revealed the relative effects of different music features on autonomic response. For the first time, we show a strong link between an interpretation map and RR interval changes. Modeling autonomic response to music stimuli is important for developing medical and non-medical interventions. Our models can serve as a framework for estimating performers' physiological reactions using only music information that could also apply to listeners.

KW - ensemble musicians

KW - autonomic nervous system

KW - heartbeat intervals

KW - interpretation map

KW - prediction

UR - https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/scientists-predict-how-playing-music-affects-musicians-heart-rates

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85204387364

U2 - 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1403599

DO - 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1403599

M3 - Article

C2 - 39295765

SN - 1664-1078

VL - 15

JO - Frontiers in Psychology

JF - Frontiers in Psychology

M1 - 1403599

ER -