TY - JOUR
T1 - A multi-functional dentine bonding system combining a phosphate monomer with eugenyl methacrylate
AU - Alkattan, Rana
AU - Banerji, Subir
AU - Deb, Sanjukta
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr Rana Alkattan was supported by the Saudi Arabian Cultural Bureau in the UK for this study. The authors would like to thank Fiona Warburton for help with statistical analysis. We also thank the Nikon Imaging Centre at King’s College London for help with light microscopy.
Funding Information:
Dr Rana Alkattan was supported by the Saudi Arabian Cultural Bureau in the UK for this study. The authors would like to thank Fiona Warburton for help with statistical analysis. We also thank the Nikon Imaging Centre at King's College London for help with light microscopy.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors
PY - 2022/6
Y1 - 2022/6
N2 - Objective: The tooth-resin composite interface is frequently associated with failure because of microbial contamination, hydrolytic and collagenolytic degradation. Thus, designing a dentine bonding system (DBS) with an intrinsically antimicrobial polymerisable monomer is of significance especially if it can be used with self-etching primers enabling resistance to degradation of the interface. Methods: Experimental adhesives were developed incorporating eugenyl methacrylate (EgMA) at concentrations of 0,10 or 20 wt%, designated as EgMA0, EgMA10 and EgMA20, respectively, for use as a two-step self-etch DBS with the functional monomer bis[2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] phosphate (BMEP) in the primer. The curing, thermal and wettability properties of the adhesives were determined, and hybrid layer formation was characterised by confocal laser scanning microscopy, microtensile bond strengths (µTBS) and nanoleakage by back-scattered SEM. In situ zymography was used to assess MMP inhibitory activity of the BMEP-EgMA DBS. Results: EgMA in the adhesives lowered the polymerisation exotherm and resulted in higher Tg, without negatively affecting degree of conversion. Water sorption and solubility were significantly lower with higher concentrations of EgMA in the adhesive. The formation of a distinct hybrid layer was evident from confocal images with the different adhesives, whilst EgMA20 yielded the highest µTBS post water storage challenges and lowest nanoleakage after 6 months. The experimental DBS exhibited minimal to no MMP activity at 3 months. Significance: The hydrophobic nature of EgMA and high cross-link density exerts considerable benefits in lowering water uptake and polymerisation exotherm. The application of EgMA, adhesives in conjunction with BMEP in a multi-functional self-etching DBS can resist MMP activity, hence, enhance longevity of the dentine-resin composite interface.
AB - Objective: The tooth-resin composite interface is frequently associated with failure because of microbial contamination, hydrolytic and collagenolytic degradation. Thus, designing a dentine bonding system (DBS) with an intrinsically antimicrobial polymerisable monomer is of significance especially if it can be used with self-etching primers enabling resistance to degradation of the interface. Methods: Experimental adhesives were developed incorporating eugenyl methacrylate (EgMA) at concentrations of 0,10 or 20 wt%, designated as EgMA0, EgMA10 and EgMA20, respectively, for use as a two-step self-etch DBS with the functional monomer bis[2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] phosphate (BMEP) in the primer. The curing, thermal and wettability properties of the adhesives were determined, and hybrid layer formation was characterised by confocal laser scanning microscopy, microtensile bond strengths (µTBS) and nanoleakage by back-scattered SEM. In situ zymography was used to assess MMP inhibitory activity of the BMEP-EgMA DBS. Results: EgMA in the adhesives lowered the polymerisation exotherm and resulted in higher Tg, without negatively affecting degree of conversion. Water sorption and solubility were significantly lower with higher concentrations of EgMA in the adhesive. The formation of a distinct hybrid layer was evident from confocal images with the different adhesives, whilst EgMA20 yielded the highest µTBS post water storage challenges and lowest nanoleakage after 6 months. The experimental DBS exhibited minimal to no MMP activity at 3 months. Significance: The hydrophobic nature of EgMA and high cross-link density exerts considerable benefits in lowering water uptake and polymerisation exotherm. The application of EgMA, adhesives in conjunction with BMEP in a multi-functional self-etching DBS can resist MMP activity, hence, enhance longevity of the dentine-resin composite interface.
KW - Antibacterial agents
KW - Dental adhesives
KW - Dentine bonding
KW - Eugenol
KW - Functional monomers
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85130057927&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.dental.2022.04.005
DO - 10.1016/j.dental.2022.04.005
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85130057927
SN - 0109-5641
VL - 38
SP - 1030
EP - 1043
JO - Dental Materials
JF - Dental Materials
IS - 6
ER -