A new visible light absorbing organic filter offers superior protection against pigmentation by wavelengths at the UVR-visible boundary region

TY - JOUR

T1 - A new visible light absorbing organic filter offers superior protection against pigmentation by wavelengths at the UVR-visible boundary region

AU - Lawrence, Karl P.

AU - Sarkany, Robert P.E.

AU - Acker, Stephanie

AU - Herzog, Bernd

AU - Young, Antony R.

N1 - Funding Information: The research was funded by BASF GmbH and was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Clinical Research Facility at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London . The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. The authors would like to thank all volunteers for taking part. Funding Information: BH and SA are employees of BASF GmbH who funded this research. KPL studentship was funded by BASF GmbH. KPL, SA, BH and ARY are named inventors on a patent relating to BDBP. RPES declares no conflict of interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2022/2/28

Y1 - 2022/2/28

N2 - Skin pigmentation by solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR; ~295–400 nm) is well established. More recently, visible light (VL; 400–740 nm) has been shown to induce rapid pigmentation. Such pigmentation is thought to be caused by oxidative stress, which has associations with skin cancer and photoageing. However, the UVR-VL boundary region has been less well studied. The lower back of healthy Fitzpatrick skin type II-IV individuals was irradiated with increasing doses of narrow-band 385 nm and 405 nm radiation. Pigmentation change was measured immediately, 6 h and 24 h post-irradiation using two reflectance spectroscopy devices and visual grading. Pigmentation was dose-dependently increased in all skin types and time points for both spectra. Two sunscreens, both labelled SPF 15 and UVA protective in the EU and USA (but with different Boots star rating in the UK, 2* vs 5*) were compared. Their formulations were the same apart from the addition of a new organic filter bis-(diethylaminohydroxybenzoyl benzoyl) piperazine (BDBP) that absorbs between 350 and 425 nm. The product that lacked BDBP provided minimal protection against pigmentation, but its addition provided almost complete protection. This demonstrates the needs to improve photoprotection at the UVR-visible border and for sunscreens to act as neutral density filters.

AB - Skin pigmentation by solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR; ~295–400 nm) is well established. More recently, visible light (VL; 400–740 nm) has been shown to induce rapid pigmentation. Such pigmentation is thought to be caused by oxidative stress, which has associations with skin cancer and photoageing. However, the UVR-VL boundary region has been less well studied. The lower back of healthy Fitzpatrick skin type II-IV individuals was irradiated with increasing doses of narrow-band 385 nm and 405 nm radiation. Pigmentation change was measured immediately, 6 h and 24 h post-irradiation using two reflectance spectroscopy devices and visual grading. Pigmentation was dose-dependently increased in all skin types and time points for both spectra. Two sunscreens, both labelled SPF 15 and UVA protective in the EU and USA (but with different Boots star rating in the UK, 2* vs 5*) were compared. Their formulations were the same apart from the addition of a new organic filter bis-(diethylaminohydroxybenzoyl benzoyl) piperazine (BDBP) that absorbs between 350 and 425 nm. The product that lacked BDBP provided minimal protection against pigmentation, but its addition provided almost complete protection. This demonstrates the needs to improve photoprotection at the UVR-visible border and for sunscreens to act as neutral density filters.

KW - Blue light

KW - Longwave UVA

KW - Photodermatology

KW - Photoprotection

KW - Pigmentation

KW - UV radiation

KW - Visible radiation

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122433206&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112372

DO - 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112372

M3 - Article

C2 - 34954519

AN - SCOPUS:85122433206

SN - 1011-1344

VL - 227

JO - Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

JF - Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

M1 - 112372

ER -