TY - JOUR
T1 - A tale of two cities
T2 - is air pollution improving in Paris and London?
AU - Font, Anna
AU - Guiseppin, Lionel
AU - Blangiardo, Marta
AU - Ghersi, Véronique
AU - Fuller, Gary W.
PY - 2019/6/1
Y1 - 2019/6/1
N2 - Paris and London are Europe's two megacities and both experience poor air quality with systemic breaches of the NO
2 limit value. Policy initiatives have been taken to address this: some European-wide (e.g. Euro emission standards); others local (e.g. Low Emission Zone, LEZ). Trends in NO
X, NO
2 and particulate matter (PM
10, PM
2.5) for 2005-2016 in background and roadside locations; and trends in traffic increments were calculated in both cities to address their impact. Trends in traffic counts and the distribution in Euro standards for diesel vehicles were also evaluated. Linear-mixed effect models were built to determine the main determinants of traffic concentrations. There was an overall increase in roadside NO
2 in 2005-2009 in both cities followed by a decrease of ∼5% year
-1 from 2010. Downward trends were associated with the introduction of Euro V heavy vehicles. Despite NO
2 decreasing, at current rates, roads will need 20 (Paris) and 193 years (London) to achieve the European Limit Value (40 μg m
-3 annual mean). Euro 5 light diesel vehicles were associated with the decrease in roadside PM
10. An increase in motorcycles in London since 2010 contributed to the lack of significant trend in PM
2.5 roadside increment in 2010-16.
AB - Paris and London are Europe's two megacities and both experience poor air quality with systemic breaches of the NO
2 limit value. Policy initiatives have been taken to address this: some European-wide (e.g. Euro emission standards); others local (e.g. Low Emission Zone, LEZ). Trends in NO
X, NO
2 and particulate matter (PM
10, PM
2.5) for 2005-2016 in background and roadside locations; and trends in traffic increments were calculated in both cities to address their impact. Trends in traffic counts and the distribution in Euro standards for diesel vehicles were also evaluated. Linear-mixed effect models were built to determine the main determinants of traffic concentrations. There was an overall increase in roadside NO
2 in 2005-2009 in both cities followed by a decrease of ∼5% year
-1 from 2010. Downward trends were associated with the introduction of Euro V heavy vehicles. Despite NO
2 decreasing, at current rates, roads will need 20 (Paris) and 193 years (London) to achieve the European Limit Value (40 μg m
-3 annual mean). Euro 5 light diesel vehicles were associated with the decrease in roadside PM
10. An increase in motorcycles in London since 2010 contributed to the lack of significant trend in PM
2.5 roadside increment in 2010-16.
KW - Diesel
KW - Euro standards
KW - Low emission zone
KW - Megacity
KW - Trends in air pollution
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85062716322&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.040
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.040
M3 - Article
C2 - 30875529
AN - SCOPUS:85062716322
SN - 0269-7491
VL - 249
SP - 1
EP - 12
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
ER -
