Age-Related Interactions on Key Theoretical Determinants of Smoking Cessation: Findings from the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys (2016-2020)

Michael Le Grande; Ron Borland; Hua Hie Yong; Ann McNeill; Geoffrey Fong; K. Michael Cummings

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntab230

Age-Related Interactions on Key Theoretical Determinants of Smoking Cessation: Findings from the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys (2016-2020)

Michael Le Grande^*, Ron Borland, Hua Hie Yong, Ann McNeill, Geoffrey Fong, K. Michael Cummings

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: This paper explores whether plans to quit, wanting to quit, and quit efficacy add predictive value over measures of habit strength and dependence in making quit attempts and/or attaining smoking abstinence. Aims and Methods: We used three waves of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey conducted in 2016, 2018, and 2020. Baseline daily smokers (N = 6710) who provided data for at least one wave-to-wave transition (W1 to W2, N = 3511 or W2 to W3, N = 3199) and provided outcome data at the next wave (follow-up) formed the analytic sample. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) logistic regression analyses examined predictors of quit attempts and abstinence at follow-up (1- and 6-month sustained abstinence). Results: Wanting and planning to quit were significantly positively associated with making quit attempts, but negatively associated with smoking abstinence. A significant interaction between the Heaviness of Smoking Index and age warranted an age-stratified analysis for both abstinence outcomes. Lower HSI predicted abstinence in only the younger smokers Motivation and plans to quit were positively associated with abstinence in younger smokers, but surprisingly were negatively associated with abstinence in older smokers. Quit efficacy was associated with abstinence in the older, but not the younger smokers. Conclusions: Models of smoking abstinence are significantly improved by including motivational predictors of smoking. Age was an important moderator of the association between abstinence for both dependence and motivational variables. Implications: The findings from this large cohort study indicate there are age-related differences in predictors of smoking abstinence but not quit attempts. These associations may reflect differential experiences of older and younger cohorts of smokers, which may have implications for interventions to motivate and assist smokers in quitting.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	679-689
Number of pages	11
Journal	Nicotine and Tobacco Research
Volume	24
Issue number	5
Early online date	10 Nov 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntab230
Publication status	Published - 1 May 2022

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@article{6def819d404b4de7aeba2e6883a3b36d,

title = "Age-Related Interactions on Key Theoretical Determinants of Smoking Cessation: Findings from the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys (2016-2020)",

abstract = "Background: This paper explores whether plans to quit, wanting to quit, and quit efficacy add predictive value over measures of habit strength and dependence in making quit attempts and/or attaining smoking abstinence. Aims and Methods: We used three waves of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey conducted in 2016, 2018, and 2020. Baseline daily smokers (N = 6710) who provided data for at least one wave-to-wave transition (W1 to W2, N = 3511 or W2 to W3, N = 3199) and provided outcome data at the next wave (follow-up) formed the analytic sample. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) logistic regression analyses examined predictors of quit attempts and abstinence at follow-up (1- and 6-month sustained abstinence). Results: Wanting and planning to quit were significantly positively associated with making quit attempts, but negatively associated with smoking abstinence. A significant interaction between the Heaviness of Smoking Index and age warranted an age-stratified analysis for both abstinence outcomes. Lower HSI predicted abstinence in only the younger smokers Motivation and plans to quit were positively associated with abstinence in younger smokers, but surprisingly were negatively associated with abstinence in older smokers. Quit efficacy was associated with abstinence in the older, but not the younger smokers. Conclusions: Models of smoking abstinence are significantly improved by including motivational predictors of smoking. Age was an important moderator of the association between abstinence for both dependence and motivational variables. Implications: The findings from this large cohort study indicate there are age-related differences in predictors of smoking abstinence but not quit attempts. These associations may reflect differential experiences of older and younger cohorts of smokers, which may have implications for interventions to motivate and assist smokers in quitting. ",

author = "{Le Grande}, Michael and Ron Borland and Yong, {Hua Hie} and Ann McNeill and Geoffrey Fong and Cummings, {K. Michael}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].",

year = "2022",

month = may,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/ntr/ntab230",

language = "English",

volume = "24",

pages = "679--689",

journal = "Nicotine and Tobacco Research",

issn = "1462-2203",

publisher = "Oxford University Press (OUP)",

number = "5",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Age-Related Interactions on Key Theoretical Determinants of Smoking Cessation

T2 - Findings from the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys (2016-2020)

AU - Le Grande, Michael

AU - Borland, Ron

AU - Yong, Hua Hie

AU - McNeill, Ann

AU - Fong, Geoffrey

AU - Cummings, K. Michael

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].

PY - 2022/5/1

Y1 - 2022/5/1

N2 - Background: This paper explores whether plans to quit, wanting to quit, and quit efficacy add predictive value over measures of habit strength and dependence in making quit attempts and/or attaining smoking abstinence. Aims and Methods: We used three waves of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey conducted in 2016, 2018, and 2020. Baseline daily smokers (N = 6710) who provided data for at least one wave-to-wave transition (W1 to W2, N = 3511 or W2 to W3, N = 3199) and provided outcome data at the next wave (follow-up) formed the analytic sample. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) logistic regression analyses examined predictors of quit attempts and abstinence at follow-up (1- and 6-month sustained abstinence). Results: Wanting and planning to quit were significantly positively associated with making quit attempts, but negatively associated with smoking abstinence. A significant interaction between the Heaviness of Smoking Index and age warranted an age-stratified analysis for both abstinence outcomes. Lower HSI predicted abstinence in only the younger smokers Motivation and plans to quit were positively associated with abstinence in younger smokers, but surprisingly were negatively associated with abstinence in older smokers. Quit efficacy was associated with abstinence in the older, but not the younger smokers. Conclusions: Models of smoking abstinence are significantly improved by including motivational predictors of smoking. Age was an important moderator of the association between abstinence for both dependence and motivational variables. Implications: The findings from this large cohort study indicate there are age-related differences in predictors of smoking abstinence but not quit attempts. These associations may reflect differential experiences of older and younger cohorts of smokers, which may have implications for interventions to motivate and assist smokers in quitting.

AB - Background: This paper explores whether plans to quit, wanting to quit, and quit efficacy add predictive value over measures of habit strength and dependence in making quit attempts and/or attaining smoking abstinence. Aims and Methods: We used three waves of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey conducted in 2016, 2018, and 2020. Baseline daily smokers (N = 6710) who provided data for at least one wave-to-wave transition (W1 to W2, N = 3511 or W2 to W3, N = 3199) and provided outcome data at the next wave (follow-up) formed the analytic sample. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) logistic regression analyses examined predictors of quit attempts and abstinence at follow-up (1- and 6-month sustained abstinence). Results: Wanting and planning to quit were significantly positively associated with making quit attempts, but negatively associated with smoking abstinence. A significant interaction between the Heaviness of Smoking Index and age warranted an age-stratified analysis for both abstinence outcomes. Lower HSI predicted abstinence in only the younger smokers Motivation and plans to quit were positively associated with abstinence in younger smokers, but surprisingly were negatively associated with abstinence in older smokers. Quit efficacy was associated with abstinence in the older, but not the younger smokers. Conclusions: Models of smoking abstinence are significantly improved by including motivational predictors of smoking. Age was an important moderator of the association between abstinence for both dependence and motivational variables. Implications: The findings from this large cohort study indicate there are age-related differences in predictors of smoking abstinence but not quit attempts. These associations may reflect differential experiences of older and younger cohorts of smokers, which may have implications for interventions to motivate and assist smokers in quitting.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85128159743&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/ntr/ntab230

DO - 10.1093/ntr/ntab230

M3 - Article

C2 - 34755869

AN - SCOPUS:85128159743

SN - 1462-2203

VL - 24

SP - 679

EP - 689

JO - Nicotine and Tobacco Research

JF - Nicotine and Tobacco Research

IS - 5

ER -

Age-Related Interactions on Key Theoretical Determinants of Smoking Cessation: Findings from the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys (2016-2020)

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