TY - JOUR
T1 - Allostatic load and depressive symptoms in older adults
T2 - An analysis of 12-year panel data
AU - de Oliveira, Cesar
AU - Sabbah, Wael
AU - Bernabé, Eduardo
N1 - Funding Information:
The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing was developed by a team of researchers based at the University College London, NatCen Social Research, the Institute for Fiscal Studies and the University of Manchester. The data were collected by NatCen Social Research. ELSA is funded by the National Institute on Aging (R01AG017644), and by UK Government Departments coordinated by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR).
Funding Information:
The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing was developed by a team of researchers based at the University College London, NatCen Social Research, the Institute for Fiscal Studies and the University of Manchester. The data were collected by NatCen Social Research. ELSA is funded by the National Institute on Aging ( R01AG017644 ), and by UK Government Departments coordinated by the National Institute for Health and Care Research ( NIHR ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/6
Y1 - 2023/6
N2 - Background: Whether changes in allostatic load (AL) and depressive symptoms relate over time has not been yet fully explored. This study evaluated the association between AL and depressive symptoms over 12 years among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Panel data from 8291 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were analysed. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 8-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The AL score was derived from nine metabolic, cardiovascular and immune biomarkers. The association between AL and depressive symptoms was modelled in a linear hybrid model adjusting for time-invariant (sex, ethnicity) and time-variant confounders (age, marital status, education, wealth, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol intake, limitations in daily living, comorbidities). Results: The mean AL score was 3.1 (SD: 2.1), 3.5 (2.3), 3.2 (2.3) and 3.3 (2.5) whereas the mean CES-D score was 1.4 (SD: 1.8), 1.2 (1.8), 1.2 (1.8) and 1.2 (1.7) in waves 2, 4, 6 and 8, respectively. In the adjusted model, the between-person differences (coefficient: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.04) but not the within-individual differences (0.01; 95% CI: −0.01, 0.03) in the AL score were associated with CES-D score. The between-person coefficient indicates that participants with greater AL scores also had slightly higher CES-D scores. The within-person coefficient indicates that changes in the AL score were not associated with changes in the CES-D score. Conclusion: AL was associated with depressive symptoms. However, most of the association was driven by differences in AL between individuals rather than changes in AL over time.
AB - Background: Whether changes in allostatic load (AL) and depressive symptoms relate over time has not been yet fully explored. This study evaluated the association between AL and depressive symptoms over 12 years among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Panel data from 8291 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were analysed. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 8-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The AL score was derived from nine metabolic, cardiovascular and immune biomarkers. The association between AL and depressive symptoms was modelled in a linear hybrid model adjusting for time-invariant (sex, ethnicity) and time-variant confounders (age, marital status, education, wealth, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol intake, limitations in daily living, comorbidities). Results: The mean AL score was 3.1 (SD: 2.1), 3.5 (2.3), 3.2 (2.3) and 3.3 (2.5) whereas the mean CES-D score was 1.4 (SD: 1.8), 1.2 (1.8), 1.2 (1.8) and 1.2 (1.7) in waves 2, 4, 6 and 8, respectively. In the adjusted model, the between-person differences (coefficient: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.04) but not the within-individual differences (0.01; 95% CI: −0.01, 0.03) in the AL score were associated with CES-D score. The between-person coefficient indicates that participants with greater AL scores also had slightly higher CES-D scores. The within-person coefficient indicates that changes in the AL score were not associated with changes in the CES-D score. Conclusion: AL was associated with depressive symptoms. However, most of the association was driven by differences in AL between individuals rather than changes in AL over time.
KW - Allostasis
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Cohort studies
KW - Depression
KW - Depressive disorders
KW - Metabolism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85151028483&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106100
DO - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106100
M3 - Article
C2 - 36989564
AN - SCOPUS:85151028483
SN - 0306-4530
VL - 152
JO - Psychoneuroendocrinology
JF - Psychoneuroendocrinology
M1 - 106100
ER -
