TY - JOUR
T1 - Ambient air pollution associations with retinal morphology in the UK Biobank
AU - UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium
AU - Chua, Sharon Y.L.
AU - Khawaja, Anthony P.
AU - Dick, Andrew D.
AU - Morgan, James
AU - Dhillon, Baljean
AU - Lotery, Andrew J.
AU - Strouthidis, Nicholas G.
AU - Reisman, Charles
AU - Peto, Tunde
AU - Khaw, Peng T.
AU - Foster, Paul J.
AU - Patel, Praveen J.
AU - Littlejohns, Thomas
AU - Allen, Naomi
AU - Beli, Eleni
AU - Atan, Denize
AU - Aslam, Tariq
AU - Barman, Sarah A.
AU - Barrett, Jenny H.
AU - Bishop, Paul
AU - Bunce, Catey
AU - Carare, Roxana O.
AU - Chakravarthy, Usha
AU - Chan, Michelle
AU - Crabb, David P.
AU - Day, Alexander
AU - Desai, Parul
AU - Dhillon, Bal
AU - Egan, Cathy
AU - Ennis, Sarah
AU - Fruttiger, Marcus
AU - Gallacher, John E.J.
AU - Garway-Heath, David F.
AU - Gibson, Jane
AU - Gore, Dan
AU - Guggenheim, Jeremy A.
AU - Hammond, Chris J.
AU - Hardcastle, Alison
AU - Harding, Simon P.
AU - Hogg, Ruth E.
AU - Hysi, Pirro
AU - Keane, Pearse A.
AU - Lascaratos, Gerassimos
AU - Macgillivray, Tom
AU - Mackie, Sarah
AU - McGaughey, Michelle
AU - McGuinness, Bernadette
AU - McKay, Gareth J.
AU - McKibbin, Martin
AU - Moore, Tony
PY - 2020/5
Y1 - 2020/5
N2 - PURPOSE. Because air pollution has been linked to glaucoma and AMD, we characterized the relationship between pollution and retinal structure. METHODS. We examined data from 51,710 UK Biobank participants aged 40 to 69 years old. Ambient air pollution measures included particulates and nitrogen oxides. SD-OCT imaging measured seven retinal layers: retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer + outer nuclear layer, photoreceptor inner segments, photoreceptor outer segments, and RPE. Multivariable regression was used to evaluate associations between pollutants (per interquartile range increase) and retinal thickness, adjusting for age, sex, race, Townsend deprivation index, body mass index, smoking status, and refractive error. RESULTS. Participants exposed to greater particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and higher nitrogen oxides were more likely to have thicker retinal nerve fiber layer (β = 0.28 μm; 95% CI, 0.22–0.34; P = 3.3 × 10−20 and β = 0.09 μm; 95% CI, 0.04–0.14; P = 2.4 × 10−4, respectively), and thinner ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, and outer plexiform layer + outer nuclear layer thicknesses (P < 0.001). Participants resident in areas of higher levels of PM2.5 absorbance were more likely to have thinner retinal nerve fiber layer, inner nuclear layer, and outer plexiform layer + outer nuclear layers (β = –0.16 [95% CI, –0.22 to –0.10; P = 5.7 × 10−8]; β = –0.09 [95% CI, –0.12 to –0.06; P = 2.2 × 10−12]; and β = –0.12 [95% CI, –0.19 to –0.05; P = 8.3 × 10−4], respectively). CONCLUSIONS. Greater exposure to PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, and nitrogen oxides were all associated with apparently adverse retinal structural features.
AB - PURPOSE. Because air pollution has been linked to glaucoma and AMD, we characterized the relationship between pollution and retinal structure. METHODS. We examined data from 51,710 UK Biobank participants aged 40 to 69 years old. Ambient air pollution measures included particulates and nitrogen oxides. SD-OCT imaging measured seven retinal layers: retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer + outer nuclear layer, photoreceptor inner segments, photoreceptor outer segments, and RPE. Multivariable regression was used to evaluate associations between pollutants (per interquartile range increase) and retinal thickness, adjusting for age, sex, race, Townsend deprivation index, body mass index, smoking status, and refractive error. RESULTS. Participants exposed to greater particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and higher nitrogen oxides were more likely to have thicker retinal nerve fiber layer (β = 0.28 μm; 95% CI, 0.22–0.34; P = 3.3 × 10−20 and β = 0.09 μm; 95% CI, 0.04–0.14; P = 2.4 × 10−4, respectively), and thinner ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, and outer plexiform layer + outer nuclear layer thicknesses (P < 0.001). Participants resident in areas of higher levels of PM2.5 absorbance were more likely to have thinner retinal nerve fiber layer, inner nuclear layer, and outer plexiform layer + outer nuclear layers (β = –0.16 [95% CI, –0.22 to –0.10; P = 5.7 × 10−8]; β = –0.09 [95% CI, –0.12 to –0.06; P = 2.2 × 10−12]; and β = –0.12 [95% CI, –0.19 to –0.05; P = 8.3 × 10−4], respectively). CONCLUSIONS. Greater exposure to PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, and nitrogen oxides were all associated with apparently adverse retinal structural features.
KW - Air pollution
KW - OCT
KW - Retinal layers
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85084963470&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1167/IOVS.61.5.32
DO - 10.1167/IOVS.61.5.32
M3 - Article
C2 - 32428233
AN - SCOPUS:85084963470
SN - 0146-0404
VL - 61
JO - Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
JF - Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
IS - 5
M1 - 32
ER -
