TY - JOUR
T1 - Anisotropic cardiac conduction
AU - Kotadia, Irum
AU - Whitaker, John
AU - Roney, Caroline
AU - Niederer, Steven
AU - O’Neill, Mark
AU - Bishop, Martin
AU - Wright, Matthew
N1 - Funding Information:
Disclosure: The research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Clinical Research Facility at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London. The views expressed are those of the authors, and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. JW is supported by a Medical Research Council UK Clinical Research Training Fellowship (grant code: MR/N001877/1). The authors have no other conflicts of interest to disclose. Received: 15 February 2020 Accepted: 9 October 2020 Citation: Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review 2020;9(4):202–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15420/aer.2020.04 Correspondence: John Whitaker, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK. E: [email protected]
Publisher Copyright:
© RADCLIFFE CARDIOLOGY 2020.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Anisotropy is the property of directional dependence. In cardiac tissue, conduction velocity is anisotropic and its orientation is determined by myocyte direction. Cell shape and size, excitability, myocardial fibrosis, gap junction distribution and function are all considered to contribute to anisotropic conduction. In disease states, anisotropic conduction may be enhanced, and is implicated, in the genesis of pathological arrhythmias. The principal mechanism responsible for enhanced anisotropy in disease remains uncertain. Possible contributors include changes in cellular excitability, changes in gap junction distribution or function and cellular uncoupling through interstitial fibrosis. It has recently been demonstrated that myocyte orientation may be identified using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging in explanted hearts, and multisite pacing protocols have been proposed to estimate myocyte orientation and anisotropic conduction in vivo. These tools have the potential to contribute to the understanding of the role of myocyte disarray and anisotropic conduction in arrhythmic states.
AB - Anisotropy is the property of directional dependence. In cardiac tissue, conduction velocity is anisotropic and its orientation is determined by myocyte direction. Cell shape and size, excitability, myocardial fibrosis, gap junction distribution and function are all considered to contribute to anisotropic conduction. In disease states, anisotropic conduction may be enhanced, and is implicated, in the genesis of pathological arrhythmias. The principal mechanism responsible for enhanced anisotropy in disease remains uncertain. Possible contributors include changes in cellular excitability, changes in gap junction distribution or function and cellular uncoupling through interstitial fibrosis. It has recently been demonstrated that myocyte orientation may be identified using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging in explanted hearts, and multisite pacing protocols have been proposed to estimate myocyte orientation and anisotropic conduction in vivo. These tools have the potential to contribute to the understanding of the role of myocyte disarray and anisotropic conduction in arrhythmic states.
KW - Anisotropic conduction
KW - Anisotropy
KW - Arrhythmias
KW - Conduction velocity
KW - Pacing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85100300220&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.15420/AER.2020.04
DO - 10.15420/AER.2020.04
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85100300220
SN - 2050-3369
VL - 9
SP - 202
EP - 210
JO - Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Review
JF - Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Review
IS - 4
ER -