TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between tobacco use and symptomatology in individuals at ultra-high risk to develop a psychosis
T2 - A longitudinal study
AU - EU-GEI High Risk Study
AU - van der Heijden, Heleen S
AU - Schirmbeck, Frederike
AU - McGuire, Philip
AU - Valmaggia, Lucia R
AU - Kempton, Matthew J
AU - van der Gaag, Mark
AU - Nelson, Barnaby
AU - Riecher-Rössler, Anita
AU - Bressan, Rodrigo
AU - Barrantes-Vidal, Neus
AU - Ruhrmann, Stephan
AU - Sachs, Gabriele
AU - de Haan, Lieuwe
AU - Vermeulen, Jentien M
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank all participants who took part in the study. The authors have declared that there are no conflicts of interest in relation to the subject of this study. Dr. Barrantes-Vidal was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades ( PSI2017-87512-C2-1-R ) and the Generalitat de Catalunya ( 2017SGR1612 ). The European Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) Project is funded by grant agreement HEALTH-F2-2010-241909 (Project EU-GEI) from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme . Additional support was provided by a Medical Research Council Fellowship to M Kempton (grant MR/J008915/1 ).
Funding Information:
The European Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) Project is funded by grant agreement HEALTH-F2-2010-241909 (Project EU-GEI) from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme . Additional support was provided by a Medical Research Council Fellowship to M Kempton (grant MR/J008915/1 ). Dr Barrantes-Vidal was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades ( PSI2017-87512-C2-1-R ) and the Generalitat de Catalunya ( 2017SGR1612 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - BACKGROUND: The high prevalence rates and impact of tobacco smoking in individuals with a psychotic disorder have become an increasing interest. Little is known about tobacco smoking in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis (UHR).METHODS: We studied 345 UHR individuals of the high-risk study of the European network of national schizophrenia networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI). Smoking status and the number of cigarettes per day were assessed at multiple moments using the CIDI. Symptom severity at each time point was assessed using CAARMS. Linear mixed-effects analyses were conducted to examine the multi-cross-sectional and prospective associations between (change in) smoking behaviour and symptomatology.FINDINGS: At baseline, 175 individuals (53%) smoked tobacco with an average of 12.4 (SD = 9.0) cigarettes per day. Smokers did not significantly differ in symptom severity from non-smokers on general, positive, negative, emotional, cognitive, behavioural, or motor symptoms across time. However, associations were found between the number of cigarettes and the severity of general psychopathology (estimate 0.349, SE 0.146, p = 0.017). Change in the number of cigarettes had no significant effect on change in general symptom severity (estimate 0.330, SE 0.285, p = 0.248).INTERPRETATION: Smoking prevalence in UHR individuals is high. Cigarette consumption was associated with higher levels of general symptoms. However, we observed no association between change in number of cigarettes and symptom severity. Given the fact that smoking is associated with poorer health and worse outcomes in people with psychosis, the clinical high-risk phase offers a window of opportunity for prevention and cessation interventions.
AB - BACKGROUND: The high prevalence rates and impact of tobacco smoking in individuals with a psychotic disorder have become an increasing interest. Little is known about tobacco smoking in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis (UHR).METHODS: We studied 345 UHR individuals of the high-risk study of the European network of national schizophrenia networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI). Smoking status and the number of cigarettes per day were assessed at multiple moments using the CIDI. Symptom severity at each time point was assessed using CAARMS. Linear mixed-effects analyses were conducted to examine the multi-cross-sectional and prospective associations between (change in) smoking behaviour and symptomatology.FINDINGS: At baseline, 175 individuals (53%) smoked tobacco with an average of 12.4 (SD = 9.0) cigarettes per day. Smokers did not significantly differ in symptom severity from non-smokers on general, positive, negative, emotional, cognitive, behavioural, or motor symptoms across time. However, associations were found between the number of cigarettes and the severity of general psychopathology (estimate 0.349, SE 0.146, p = 0.017). Change in the number of cigarettes had no significant effect on change in general symptom severity (estimate 0.330, SE 0.285, p = 0.248).INTERPRETATION: Smoking prevalence in UHR individuals is high. Cigarette consumption was associated with higher levels of general symptoms. However, we observed no association between change in number of cigarettes and symptom severity. Given the fact that smoking is associated with poorer health and worse outcomes in people with psychosis, the clinical high-risk phase offers a window of opportunity for prevention and cessation interventions.
KW - Psychosis
KW - Smoking
KW - Symptomatology
KW - Tobacco
KW - Ultra-high risk
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85112338832&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.schres.2021.08.006
DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2021.08.006
M3 - Article
C2 - 34390981
AN - SCOPUS:85112338832
SN - 0920-9964
VL - 236
SP - 48
EP - 53
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
ER -