Associations Between Inflammatory and Immune Response Genes and Adverse Respiratory Outcomes Following Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution: A HuGE Systematic Review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Associations Between Inflammatory and Immune Response Genes and Adverse Respiratory Outcomes Following Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution

T2 - A HuGE Systematic Review

AU - Vawda, Seema

AU - Mansour, Rafif

AU - Takeda, Andrea

AU - Funnell, Paula

AU - Kerry, Sally

AU - Mudway, Ian

AU - Jamaludin, Jeenath

AU - Shaheen, Seif

AU - Griffiths, Chris

AU - Walton, Robert

PY - 2014/2/15

Y1 - 2014/2/15

N2 - Variants of inflammatory and immune response genes have been associated with adverse respiratory outcomes following exposure to air pollution. However, the genes involved and their associations are not well characterized, and there has been no systematic review. Thus, we conducted a review following the guidelines of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network. Six observational studies and 2 intervention studies with 14,903 participants were included (20012010). Six studies showed at least 1 significant gene-pollutant interaction. Meta-analysis was not possible due to variations in genes, pollutants, exposure estimates, and reported outcomes. The most commonly studied genes were tumor necrosis factor (TNFA) (n 6) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (n 3). TNFA 308GA modified the action of ozone and nitrogen dioxide on lung function, asthma risk, and symptoms; however, the direction of association varied between studies. The TLR4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs1927911, rs10759931, and rs6478317 modified the association of particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide with asthma. The transforming growth factor 1 (TGFB1) polymorphism 509CT also modified the association of pollutants with asthma. This review indicates that genes controlling innate immune recognition of foreign material (TLR4) and the subsequent inflammatory response (TGFB1, TLR4) modify the associations of exposure to air pollution with respiratory function. The associations observed have biological plausibility; however, larger studies with improved reporting are needed to confirm these findings.

AB - Variants of inflammatory and immune response genes have been associated with adverse respiratory outcomes following exposure to air pollution. However, the genes involved and their associations are not well characterized, and there has been no systematic review. Thus, we conducted a review following the guidelines of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network. Six observational studies and 2 intervention studies with 14,903 participants were included (20012010). Six studies showed at least 1 significant gene-pollutant interaction. Meta-analysis was not possible due to variations in genes, pollutants, exposure estimates, and reported outcomes. The most commonly studied genes were tumor necrosis factor (TNFA) (n 6) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (n 3). TNFA 308GA modified the action of ozone and nitrogen dioxide on lung function, asthma risk, and symptoms; however, the direction of association varied between studies. The TLR4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs1927911, rs10759931, and rs6478317 modified the association of particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide with asthma. The transforming growth factor 1 (TGFB1) polymorphism 509CT also modified the association of pollutants with asthma. This review indicates that genes controlling innate immune recognition of foreign material (TLR4) and the subsequent inflammatory response (TGFB1, TLR4) modify the associations of exposure to air pollution with respiratory function. The associations observed have biological plausibility; however, larger studies with improved reporting are needed to confirm these findings.

KW - air pollution

KW - genes

KW - Human Genome Epidemiology Network

KW - immunity

KW - inflammation

KW - lung function

KW - respiratory system

KW - systematic review

KW - TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR

KW - CHILDHOOD ASTHMA

KW - DIESEL EXHAUST

KW - ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION

KW - PARTICULATE MATTER

KW - EPITHELIAL-CELLS

KW - NITROGEN-DIOXIDE

KW - LUNG-FUNCTION

KW - FACTOR G-308A

KW - IN-VITRO

U2 - 10.1093/aje/kwt269

DO - 10.1093/aje/kwt269

M3 - Literature review

SN - 0002-9262

VL - 179

SP - 432

EP - 442

JO - American Journal of Epidemiology

JF - American Journal of Epidemiology

IS - 4

ER -