TY - JOUR
T1 - Cannabidiol does not attenuate acute delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced attentional bias in healthy volunteers
T2 - A randomised, double-blind, cross-over study
AU - Oliver, Dominic
AU - Englund, Amir
AU - Chesney, Edward
AU - Chester, Lucy
AU - Wilson, Jack
AU - Sovi, Simina
AU - Wigroth, Stina
AU - Hodsoll, John
AU - Strang, John
AU - Murray, Robin M.
AU - Freeman, Tom P.
AU - Fusar-Poli, Paolo
AU - McGuire, Philip
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.
PY - 2024/2
Y1 - 2024/2
N2 - Aims: To test how attentional bias and explicit liking are influenced by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and whether these effects are moderated by cannabidiol (CBD). Design: Double-blind, randomised, within-subjects cross-over study. Setting: NIHR Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility at King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom. Participants/Cases: Forty-six infrequent cannabis users (cannabis use <1 per week). Intervention(s): Across four sessions, participants inhaled vaporised cannabis containing 10 mg of THC and either 0 mg (0:1 CBD:THC), 10 mg (1:1), 20 mg (2:1) or 30 mg (3:1) of CBD, administered in a randomised order and counter-balanced across participants (a total of 24 order groups). Measurements: Participants completed two tasks: (1) Attentional Bias (AB), comparing reaction times toward visual probes presented behind 28 target stimuli (cannabis/food) compared with probes behind corresponding non-target (neutral) stimuli. Participants responding more quickly to probes behind target than non-target stimuli would indicate greater attentional bias to cannabis/food; (2) Picture Rating (PR), where all AB stimuli were rated on a 7-point pleasantness scale, measuring explicit liking. Findings: During the AB task, participants were more biased toward cannabis stimuli in the 0:1 condition compared with baseline (mean difference = 12.2, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] = 1.20–23.3, d = 0.41, P = 0.03). No other significant AB or PR differences were found between cannabis and food stimuli between baseline and 0:1 condition (P > 0.05). No significant CBD effect was found on AB or PR task performance at any dose (P > 0.05). There was additionally no cumulative effect of THC exposure on AB or PR outcomes (P > 0.05). Conclusions: A double-blind, randomised, cross-over study among infrequent cannabis users found that inhaled delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol increased attentional bias toward cannabis in the absence of explicit liking, a marker of liability toward cannabis use disorder. At the concentrations normally found in legal and illegal cannabis, cannabidiol had no influence on this effect.
AB - Aims: To test how attentional bias and explicit liking are influenced by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and whether these effects are moderated by cannabidiol (CBD). Design: Double-blind, randomised, within-subjects cross-over study. Setting: NIHR Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility at King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom. Participants/Cases: Forty-six infrequent cannabis users (cannabis use <1 per week). Intervention(s): Across four sessions, participants inhaled vaporised cannabis containing 10 mg of THC and either 0 mg (0:1 CBD:THC), 10 mg (1:1), 20 mg (2:1) or 30 mg (3:1) of CBD, administered in a randomised order and counter-balanced across participants (a total of 24 order groups). Measurements: Participants completed two tasks: (1) Attentional Bias (AB), comparing reaction times toward visual probes presented behind 28 target stimuli (cannabis/food) compared with probes behind corresponding non-target (neutral) stimuli. Participants responding more quickly to probes behind target than non-target stimuli would indicate greater attentional bias to cannabis/food; (2) Picture Rating (PR), where all AB stimuli were rated on a 7-point pleasantness scale, measuring explicit liking. Findings: During the AB task, participants were more biased toward cannabis stimuli in the 0:1 condition compared with baseline (mean difference = 12.2, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] = 1.20–23.3, d = 0.41, P = 0.03). No other significant AB or PR differences were found between cannabis and food stimuli between baseline and 0:1 condition (P > 0.05). No significant CBD effect was found on AB or PR task performance at any dose (P > 0.05). There was additionally no cumulative effect of THC exposure on AB or PR outcomes (P > 0.05). Conclusions: A double-blind, randomised, cross-over study among infrequent cannabis users found that inhaled delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol increased attentional bias toward cannabis in the absence of explicit liking, a marker of liability toward cannabis use disorder. At the concentrations normally found in legal and illegal cannabis, cannabidiol had no influence on this effect.
KW - attentional bias
KW - cannabidiol
KW - cannabis
KW - cannabis use disorder
KW - CBD
KW - delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
KW - THC
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85173688616&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/add.16353
DO - 10.1111/add.16353
M3 - Article
C2 - 37821096
AN - SCOPUS:85173688616
SN - 0965-2140
VL - 119
SP - 322
EP - 333
JO - Addiction
JF - Addiction
IS - 2
ER -
