TY - JOUR
T1 - Cannabis use and adherence to antipsychotic medication
T2 - a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Foglia, E.
AU - Schoeler, T.
AU - Klamerus, E.
AU - Morgan, K.
AU - Bhattacharyya, Sagnik
PY - 2017/2/9
Y1 - 2017/2/9
N2 - Background: Substance use may increase the risk of non-adherence to antipsychotics, resulting in negative outcomes in patients with psychosis. Method: We aimed to quantitatively summarize evidence regarding the effect of cannabis use, the most commonly used illicit drug amongst those with psychosis, on adherence to antipsychotic medication. Studies were identified through a systematic database search. Adopting random-effects models, pooled odds ratios (OR) for risk of non-adherence to antipsychotic medications were calculated comparing: cannabis-users at baseline v. non-users at baseline; non users v. continued cannabis users at follow-up; non-users v. former users at follow-up; former users v. current users. Results: Fifteen observational studies (n = 3678) were included. Increased risk of non-adherence was observed for cannabis users compared to non-users (OR 2.46, n = 3055). At follow-up, increased risk of non-adherence was observed for current users compared to non-users (OR 5.79, n = 175) and former users (OR 5.5, n = 192), while there was no difference between former users and non-users (OR 1.12, n = 187). Conclusions: Cannabis use increases the risk of non-adherence and quitting cannabis use may help adherence to antipsychotics. Thus, cannabis use may represent a potential target for intervention to improve medication adherence in those with psychosis.
AB - Background: Substance use may increase the risk of non-adherence to antipsychotics, resulting in negative outcomes in patients with psychosis. Method: We aimed to quantitatively summarize evidence regarding the effect of cannabis use, the most commonly used illicit drug amongst those with psychosis, on adherence to antipsychotic medication. Studies were identified through a systematic database search. Adopting random-effects models, pooled odds ratios (OR) for risk of non-adherence to antipsychotic medications were calculated comparing: cannabis-users at baseline v. non-users at baseline; non users v. continued cannabis users at follow-up; non-users v. former users at follow-up; former users v. current users. Results: Fifteen observational studies (n = 3678) were included. Increased risk of non-adherence was observed for cannabis users compared to non-users (OR 2.46, n = 3055). At follow-up, increased risk of non-adherence was observed for current users compared to non-users (OR 5.79, n = 175) and former users (OR 5.5, n = 192), while there was no difference between former users and non-users (OR 1.12, n = 187). Conclusions: Cannabis use increases the risk of non-adherence and quitting cannabis use may help adherence to antipsychotics. Thus, cannabis use may represent a potential target for intervention to improve medication adherence in those with psychosis.
KW - Antipsychotic
KW - cannabis use
KW - medication adherence
KW - psychosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85011818131&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S0033291717000046
DO - 10.1017/S0033291717000046
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85011818131
SN - 0033-2917
SP - 1
EP - 15
JO - Psychological Medicine
JF - Psychological Medicine
ER -
