@article{c7a6bd5071064c73856ef7ff274cf21a,
title = "Childhood maltreatment and polygenic risk in bipolar disorders",
abstract = "Background: Childhood maltreatment is a well-known risk factor for developing a more severe and complex form of bipolar disorders (BD). However, knowledge is scarce about the interactions between childhood maltreatment and underlying genetic vulnerability on the clinical expression of BD. Method: We assigned a BD-polygenic risk score (BD-PRS), calculated from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, to each individual in a sample of 402 cases with BD. The lifetime clinical expression of BD was characterized using structured interviews and patients completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) to assess the severity of childhood maltreatment. Results: Cases who reported more severe childhood maltreatment had a lower BD-PRS (rho = −0.12, P =.01), especially when considering emotional abuse (rho = −0.16, P =.001). An interaction between BD-PRS and childhood maltreatment was observed for the risk of rapid cycling (P =.01). No further interactions between BD-PRS and childhood maltreatment were observed for other clinical characteristics (age at onset, suicide attempts, number of mood episodes, mixed features, substance use disorders and psychotic symptoms). Conclusion: Our study is the first to show that less genetic risk may be needed to develop a more unstable form of BD when exposed to childhood maltreatment. Our study supports childhood trauma as an independent risk factor for BD.",
keywords = "bipolar disorder, childhood maltreatment, clinical features, polygenic risk",
author = "Monica Aas and Frank Bellivier and Francesco Bettella and Chantal Henry and Sebastien Gard and Kahn, {Jean Pierre} and Lagerberg, {Trine V.} and Aminoff, {Sofie R.} and Ingrid Melle and Marion Leboyer and St{\'e}phane Jamain and Andreassen, {Ole A.} and Bruno Etain",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by INSERM (Research Protocol C0829 to F. Bellivier), Assistance Publique des H{\^o}pitaux de Paris (Research Protocol GAN12 to B. Etain) and European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centre (FP7 European Grant to C. Henry). This research was also supported by the Investissements d'Avenir program managed by the ANR under reference ANR-11-IDEX-0004 and Fondation Fondamental. These organizations had no role in the analysis, and interpretation of data, the writing of the report or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. This study was also funded by the South-Eastern Norway Health Authority (#2017060), Research Council of Norway (#223273, #248778, #248980) and the NARSAD Young Investigator Grant (22388) to M. Aas. None of these funding sources had any other involvement in the research other than financial support. France: We thank JR Richard for his assistance. We thank the clinical psychologists who participated in the clinical assessment of patients in France (A. Raust and B. Cochet in Cr{\'e}teil, L. Zanouy in Bordeaux, RF Cohen and O. Wajsbrot-Elgrabli in Nancy). We thank the patients for their participation. We thank the patients who took part in the study and the NORMENT/TOP study researchers who contributed to the data collection. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd",
year = "2020",
month = mar,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/bdi.12851",
language = "English",
volume = "22",
pages = "174--181",
journal = "Bipolar Disorders",
issn = "1398-5647",
publisher = "Blackwell Munksgaard",
number = "2",
}
