Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Olfactory Reference Disorder (ORD): A case study

Rhani Allen-Crooks; Fiona Challacombe

doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.02.001

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Olfactory Reference Disorder (ORD): A case study

Rhani Allen-Crooks, Fiona Challacombe

Psychology

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Abstract

Olfactory Reference Disorder (ORD) is preoccupation with the belief that one is emitting a foul odour. It can be a distressing and substantially impairing problem. However, very little is known about its successful treatment. This study describes the treatment of a 38-year-old female with longstanding ORD using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Case conceptualisation focused on identifying unhelpful beliefs and maintaining factors including safety-seeking behaviours, self-focus and avoidance. These were then targeted using a variety of techniques including discussion and behavioural experiments to facilitate belief and behaviour change. Following a 12-week treatment, measures of anxiety and depression reduced to below clinical thresholds. In addition, there were reductions on a specific measure of symptoms of ORD. Issues regarding the use of CBT to treat this particular disorder are considered.

Original language	English
Journal	Journal of Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders
Early online date	20 Feb 2017
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.02.001
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 20 Feb 2017

Keywords

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
Olfactory Reference Disorder
Olfactory Reference Syndrome
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders
Treatment

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10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.02.001

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Olfactory Reference Disorder_ALLEN-CROOKS_Accepted4February2017_GREEN AAMAccepted author manuscript, 689 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

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title = "Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Olfactory Reference Disorder (ORD): A case study",

abstract = "Olfactory Reference Disorder (ORD) is preoccupation with the belief that one is emitting a foul odour. It can be a distressing and substantially impairing problem. However, very little is known about its successful treatment. This study describes the treatment of a 38-year-old female with longstanding ORD using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Case conceptualisation focused on identifying unhelpful beliefs and maintaining factors including safety-seeking behaviours, self-focus and avoidance. These were then targeted using a variety of techniques including discussion and behavioural experiments to facilitate belief and behaviour change. Following a 12-week treatment, measures of anxiety and depression reduced to below clinical thresholds. In addition, there were reductions on a specific measure of symptoms of ORD. Issues regarding the use of CBT to treat this particular disorder are considered.",

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N2 - Olfactory Reference Disorder (ORD) is preoccupation with the belief that one is emitting a foul odour. It can be a distressing and substantially impairing problem. However, very little is known about its successful treatment. This study describes the treatment of a 38-year-old female with longstanding ORD using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Case conceptualisation focused on identifying unhelpful beliefs and maintaining factors including safety-seeking behaviours, self-focus and avoidance. These were then targeted using a variety of techniques including discussion and behavioural experiments to facilitate belief and behaviour change. Following a 12-week treatment, measures of anxiety and depression reduced to below clinical thresholds. In addition, there were reductions on a specific measure of symptoms of ORD. Issues regarding the use of CBT to treat this particular disorder are considered.

AB - Olfactory Reference Disorder (ORD) is preoccupation with the belief that one is emitting a foul odour. It can be a distressing and substantially impairing problem. However, very little is known about its successful treatment. This study describes the treatment of a 38-year-old female with longstanding ORD using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Case conceptualisation focused on identifying unhelpful beliefs and maintaining factors including safety-seeking behaviours, self-focus and avoidance. These were then targeted using a variety of techniques including discussion and behavioural experiments to facilitate belief and behaviour change. Following a 12-week treatment, measures of anxiety and depression reduced to below clinical thresholds. In addition, there were reductions on a specific measure of symptoms of ORD. Issues regarding the use of CBT to treat this particular disorder are considered.

KW - Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

KW - Olfactory Reference Disorder

KW - Olfactory Reference Syndrome

KW - Body Dysmorphic Disorder

KW - Obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders

KW - Treatment

U2 - 10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.02.001

DO - 10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.02.001

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JO - Journal of Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders

JF - Journal of Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders

ER -

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Olfactory Reference Disorder (ORD): A case study

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Keywords

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