TY - JOUR
T1 - Current therapeutic alternatives and new perspectives in glioblastoma multiforme
AU - Arévalo, Ángelo S.T.
AU - Erices, José I.
AU - Uribe, Daniel A.
AU - Howden, Jake
AU - Niechi, Ignacio
AU - Muñoz, Sebastián
AU - Martín, Rody S.
AU - Monrás, Claudia A.Q.
PY - 2017/8/1
Y1 - 2017/8/1
N2 - Background: In the last two decades, there have been significant technological advances in the early detection of brain tumors. However, no notable improvements have been observed in the treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), the most common brain neoplasm coupled with the worst prognosis. GBM is characterized by an extensive resistance to a broad spectrum of anti-tumor drugs. This property is the result of a phenomenon known as Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR), which significantly limits noninvasive alternative therapies. This limitation is primarily due to the activity of ABC transporters and proteins related with DNA repair such as the MGMT enzyme. Due to the high mortality rate in GBM patients and current treatment deficits, new therapeutic strategies for this type of neoplasm are of vital importance. Methods: In this review, proposed treatments for GBM, including the use of alkylating agents with MGMT inhibitors, MDR modulators, and immunotherapies are discussed. We focused our bibliographic research on papers containing in vitro, in vivo, and clinical phase analysis published over the last 20 years. Results: Several studies have demonstrated good results using alkylating agents plus MGMT inhibitors, although without great improvements in survival. The use of modulators of ABC transporters enhances the effects of chemotherapy, proving it an effective complementary therapy. Immunotherapies have undergone significant developments as a directed and personalized approach for GBM treatment. Conclusion: The use of alternative complementary therapies discussed in this review could increase the survival of GBM patients; however, additional clinical phase analysis and the generation of new treatment protocols are required.
AB - Background: In the last two decades, there have been significant technological advances in the early detection of brain tumors. However, no notable improvements have been observed in the treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), the most common brain neoplasm coupled with the worst prognosis. GBM is characterized by an extensive resistance to a broad spectrum of anti-tumor drugs. This property is the result of a phenomenon known as Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR), which significantly limits noninvasive alternative therapies. This limitation is primarily due to the activity of ABC transporters and proteins related with DNA repair such as the MGMT enzyme. Due to the high mortality rate in GBM patients and current treatment deficits, new therapeutic strategies for this type of neoplasm are of vital importance. Methods: In this review, proposed treatments for GBM, including the use of alkylating agents with MGMT inhibitors, MDR modulators, and immunotherapies are discussed. We focused our bibliographic research on papers containing in vitro, in vivo, and clinical phase analysis published over the last 20 years. Results: Several studies have demonstrated good results using alkylating agents plus MGMT inhibitors, although without great improvements in survival. The use of modulators of ABC transporters enhances the effects of chemotherapy, proving it an effective complementary therapy. Immunotherapies have undergone significant developments as a directed and personalized approach for GBM treatment. Conclusion: The use of alternative complementary therapies discussed in this review could increase the survival of GBM patients; however, additional clinical phase analysis and the generation of new treatment protocols are required.
KW - Alkylating agents
KW - Glioblastoma multiforme
KW - Immunotherapy
KW - MGMT
KW - MRP-1
KW - Multiple drug resistance
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85030611963&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2174/0929867324666170303122241
DO - 10.2174/0929867324666170303122241
M3 - Review article
C2 - 28260500
AN - SCOPUS:85030611963
SN - 0929-8673
VL - 24
SP - 2781
EP - 2795
JO - Current Medicinal Chemistry
JF - Current Medicinal Chemistry
IS - 25
ER -