@inbook{79177bf9015e4667a3af4f3752a8e825,
title = "Decision fusion of 3D convolutional neural networks to triage patients with suspected prostate cancer using volumetric biparametric MRI",
abstract = "In this work, we present a computer-aided diagnosis system that uses deep learning and decision fusion to classify patients into one of three classes: {"}Likely Prostate Cancer, {"}Equivocal and {"}Likely not Prostate Cancer. We impose the group {"}Equivocal to reduce misclassifications by allowing for uncertainty, akin to prostate imaging reporting systems used by radiologists. We trained 3D convolutional neural networks to perform two binary patient-level classification tasks: classification of patients with/without prostate cancer and classification of patients with/without clinically significant prostate cancer. Networks were trained separately using volumetric T2-weighted images and apparent diffusion coefficient maps for both tasks. The probabilistic outputs of the resulting four trained networks were combined using majority voting followed by the max operator to classify patients into one of the three classes mentioned above. All networks were trained using patient-level labels only, which is a key advantage of our system since voxel-level tumour annotation is often unavailable due to the time and effort required of a radiologist. Our system was evaluated by retrospective analysis on a previously collected trial dataset. At a higher sensitivity setting, our system achieved 0.97 sensitivity and 0.31 specificity compared to an experienced radiologist who achieved 0.99 sensitivity and 0.12 specificity. At a lower sensitivity setting, our system achieved 0.78 sensitivity and 0.77 specificity compared to 0.76 sensitivity and 0.77 specificity for the experienced radiologist. We envision our system acting as a second reader in pre-biopsy screening applications.",
keywords = "biparametric mri, computer-aided diagnosis, convolutional neural network, decision fusion, multiparametric mri, prostate cancer",
author = "Pritesh Mehta and Michela Antonelli and Hashim Ahmed and Mark Emberton and Shonit Punwani and Sebastien Ourselin",
year = "2020",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1117/12.2547682",
language = "English",
series = "Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE",
publisher = "SPIE",
editor = "Hahn, {Horst K.} and Mazurowski, {Maciej A.}",
booktitle = "Medical Imaging 2020",
address = "United States",
note = "Medical Imaging 2020: Computer-Aided Diagnosis ; Conference date: 16-02-2020 Through 19-02-2020",
}