@inbook{2737896a9e94484e82be3e6f48057519,
title = "Design Considerations for Haptic-Enabled Virtual Reality Simulation for Interactive Learning of Nanoscale Science in Schools",
abstract = "This paper reports on a study which investigated whether the addition of haptics (virtual touch) to a 3D virtual reality (VR) simulation promotes understanding of key nanoscale concepts in membrane systems for students aged 12 to 13. We developed a virtual model of a section of the cell membrane and a haptic enabled interface that enables students to interact with the model and to manipulate objects in the model. Students, in two schools in England, worked collaboratively in pairs on activities designed to develop their understanding of key concepts of cell membrane function. Results of pre-and post-tests of conceptual knowledge and understanding showed significant knowledge gains but there were no significant differences between the haptic and non-haptic condition. However, findings from observation of the activities and student interviews revealed that students were very positive about using the system and believed that being able to feel structures and manipulate objects within the model assisted their learning. We examine some of the design challenges and issues affecting the perception of haptic feedback.",
keywords = "Cell biology, Haptics, Science learning, Virtual reality",
author = "Mary Webb and Megan Tracey and William Harwin and Ozan Tokatli and Faustina Hwang and Ros Johnson and Natasha Barrett and Chris Jones",
year = "2019",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-23089-0_5",
language = "English",
isbn = "9783030230883",
series = "Communications in Computer and Information Science",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
pages = "56--67",
editor = "Dennis Beck and Anasol Pe{\~n}a-Rios and Todd Ogle and Daphne Economou and Markos Mentzelopoulos and Leonel Morgado and Christian Eckhardt and Johanna Pirker and Christian G{\"u}tl and Roxane Koitz-Hristov and Jonathon Richter and Michael Gardner",
booktitle = "Immersive Learning Research Network - 5th International Conference, iLRN 2019, Proceedings",
address = "Germany",
note = "5th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Network, iLRN 2019 ; Conference date: 23-06-2019 Through 27-06-2019",
}