Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics

Robert Caldwell; Yanou Cui; Huai Ke Guo; Vuk Mandic; Alberto Mariotti; Jose Miguel No; Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf; Mairi Sakellariadou; Kuver Sinha; Lian Tao Wang; Graham White; Yue Zhao; Haipeng An; Ligong Bian; Chiara Caprini; Sebastien Clesse; James M. Cline; Giulia Cusin; Bartosz Fornal; Ryusuke Jinno; Benoit Laurent; Noam Levi; Kun Feng Lyu; Mario Martinez; Andrew L. Miller; Diego Redigolo; Claudia Scarlata; Alexander Sevrin; Barmak Shams Es Haghi; Jing Shu; Xavier Siemens; Danièle A. Steer; Raman Sundrum; Carlos Tamarit; David J. Weir; Ke Pan Xie; Feng Wei Yang; Siyi Zhou

doi:10.1007/s10714-022-03027-x

Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics

Robert Caldwell, Yanou Cui, Huai Ke Guo^*, Vuk Mandic, Alberto Mariotti, Jose Miguel No, Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf, Mairi Sakellariadou^*, Kuver Sinha, Lian Tao Wang, Graham White, Yue Zhao, Haipeng An, Ligong Bian, Chiara Caprini, Sebastien Clesse, James M. Cline, Giulia Cusin, Bartosz Fornal, Ryusuke JinnoBenoit Laurent, Noam Levi, Kun Feng Lyu, Mario Martinez, Andrew L. Miller, Diego Redigolo, Claudia Scarlata, Alexander Sevrin, Barmak Shams Es Haghi, Jing Shu, Xavier Siemens, Danièle A. Steer, Raman Sundrum, Carlos Tamarit, David J. Weir, Ke Pan Xie, Feng Wei Yang, Siyi Zhou

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

68 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Detection of a gravitational-wave signal of non-astrophysical origin would be a landmark discovery, potentially providing a significant clue to some of our most basic, big-picture scientific questions about the Universe. In this white paper, we survey the leading early-Universe mechanisms that may produce a detectable signal—including inflation, phase transitions, topological defects, as well as primordial black holes—and highlight the connections to fundamental physics. We review the complementarity with collider searches for new physics, and multimessenger probes of the large-scale structure of the Universe.

Original language	English
Article number	156
Journal	GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION
Volume	54
Issue number	12
Early online date	30 Nov 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10714-022-03027-x
Publication status	Published - Dec 2022

Keywords

Collider and gravitational wave complementarity
Dark matter
Gravitational wave and EM correlation
Inflation
Phase transitions
Primordial gravitational waves
Topological defects

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10.1007/s10714-022-03027-x

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Caldwell, R., Cui, Y., Guo, H. K., Mandic, V., Mariotti, A., No, J. M., Ramsey-Musolf, M. J., Sakellariadou, M., Sinha, K., Wang, L. T., White, G., Zhao, Y., An, H., Bian, L., Caprini, C., Clesse, S., Cline, J. M., Cusin, G., Fornal, B., ... Zhou, S. (2022). Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics. GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION, 54(12), Article 156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10714-022-03027-x

@article{d03657fe5c6947e59e518210df34501b,

title = "Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics",

abstract = "Detection of a gravitational-wave signal of non-astrophysical origin would be a landmark discovery, potentially providing a significant clue to some of our most basic, big-picture scientific questions about the Universe. In this white paper, we survey the leading early-Universe mechanisms that may produce a detectable signal—including inflation, phase transitions, topological defects, as well as primordial black holes—and highlight the connections to fundamental physics. We review the complementarity with collider searches for new physics, and multimessenger probes of the large-scale structure of the Universe.",

keywords = "Collider and gravitational wave complementarity, Dark matter, Gravitational wave and EM correlation, Inflation, Phase transitions, Primordial gravitational waves, Topological defects",

author = "Robert Caldwell and Yanou Cui and Guo, {Huai Ke} and Vuk Mandic and Alberto Mariotti and No, {Jose Miguel} and Ramsey-Musolf, {Michael J.} and Mairi Sakellariadou and Kuver Sinha and Wang, {Lian Tao} and Graham White and Yue Zhao and Haipeng An and Ligong Bian and Chiara Caprini and Sebastien Clesse and Cline, {James M.} and Giulia Cusin and Bartosz Fornal and Ryusuke Jinno and Benoit Laurent and Noam Levi and Lyu, {Kun Feng} and Mario Martinez and Miller, {Andrew L.} and Diego Redigolo and Claudia Scarlata and Alexander Sevrin and Haghi, {Barmak Shams Es} and Jing Shu and Xavier Siemens and Steer, {Dani{\`e}le A.} and Raman Sundrum and Carlos Tamarit and Weir, {David J.} and Xie, {Ke Pan} and Yang, {Feng Wei} and Siyi Zhou",

note = "Funding Information: RC is supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy Award No. DE-SC0010386. YC is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0008541. HG, FY and YZ are supported by U.S. Department of Energy under Award No. DESC0009959. VM is supported by NSF grant PHY2110238. VM and CS are also supported by NSF grant PHY-2011675. AM and AS are supported by the SRP High-Energy Physics and the Research Council of the VUB, AM is also supported by the EOS - be.h project n.30820817, and AS by the FWO project G006119N. JMN is supported by Ram{\'o}n y Cajal Fellowship contract RYC-2017-22986, and by grant PGC2018-096646-A-I00 from the Spanish Proyectos de I+D de Generaci{\'o}n de Conocimiento. MJRM is supported in part under U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-SC0011095, and was also supported in part under National Natural Science Foundation of China grant No. 19Z103010239. MS is supported in part by the Science and Technology Facility Council (STFC), United Kingdom, under the research grant ST/P000258/1. KS is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0009956. LTW is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-SC0013642. GW is supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan. HA is supported in part by the National Key R &D Program of China under Grant No. 2021YFC2203100 and 2017YFA0402204, the National Natural Science Foundation under Grant No. 11975134, and the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program. LB is supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China Grant No. 2021YFC2203004, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the grants Nos.12075041, 12047564, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. 2021CDJQY-011 and No. 2020CDJQY-Z003), and Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (Grants No.cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0814). SC is supported by a Starting Grant from the Belgian Francqui Foundation. JMC and BL are supported by NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council), Canada. GC is funded by Swiss National Science Foundation (Ambizione Grant). RJ is supported by the grants IFT Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2016-0597, CEX2020-001007-S and by PID2019-110058GB-C22 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF. NL is grateful for the support of the Milner Foundation via the Milner Doctoral Fellowship. KFL is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-SC0022345. MM is partially supported by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 under the grant PID2020-113701GB-I00, which includes ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. ALM is a beneficiary of a FSR Incoming Postdoctoral Fellowship. BS is supported in part by NSF grant PHY-2014075. JS is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation under Grants No. 12025507, No. 12150015, No.12047503; and is also supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program and Key Research Program of Frontier Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grants No. XDB21010200, No. XDB23010000, and No. ZDBS-LY-7003 and CAS project for Young Scientists in Basic Research YSBR-006. XS was supported by NSF{\textquoteright}s NANOGrav Physics Frontier Center (NSF grants PHY-1430284 and PHY-2020265). RS is supported by the NSF grant PHY-1914731 and by the US-Israeli BSF Grant 2018236. CT acknowledges financial support by the DFG through the ORIGINS cluster of excellence. DJW was supported by Academy of Finland grant nos. 324882 and 328958. KPX is supported by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. SYZ is supported by in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 21F21026. Funding Information: RC is supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy Award No. DE-SC0010386. YC is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0008541. HG, FY and YZ are supported by U.S. Department of Energy under Award No. DESC0009959. VM is supported by NSF grant PHY2110238. VM and CS are also supported by NSF grant PHY-2011675. AM and AS are supported by the SRP High-Energy Physics and the Research Council of the VUB, AM is also supported by the EOS - be.h project n.30820817, and AS by the FWO project G006119N. JMN is supported by Ram{\'o}n y Cajal Fellowship contract RYC-2017-22986, and by grant PGC2018-096646-A-I00 from the Spanish Proyectos de I+D de Generaci{\'o}n de Conocimiento. MJRM is supported in part under U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-SC0011095, and was also supported in part under National Natural Science Foundation of China grant No. 19Z103010239. MS is supported in part by the Science and Technology Facility Council (STFC), United Kingdom, under the research grant ST/P000258/1. KS is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0009956. LTW is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-SC0013642. GW is supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan. HA is supported in part by the National Key R &D Program of China under Grant No. 2021YFC2203100 and 2017YFA0402204, the National Natural Science Foundation under Grant No. 11975134, and the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program. LB is supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China Grant No. 2021YFC2203004, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the grants Nos.12075041, 12047564, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. 2021CDJQY-011 and No. 2020CDJQY-Z003), and Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (Grants No.cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0814). SC is supported by a Starting Grant from the Belgian Francqui Foundation. JMC and BL are supported by NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council), Canada. GC is funded by Swiss National Science Foundation (Ambizione Grant). RJ is supported by the grants IFT Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2016-0597, CEX2020-001007-S and by PID2019-110058GB-C22 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF. NL is grateful for the support of the Milner Foundation via the Milner Doctoral Fellowship. KFL is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-SC0022345. MM is partially supported by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 under the grant PID2020-113701GB-I00, which includes ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. ALM is a beneficiary of a FSR Incoming Postdoctoral Fellowship. BS is supported in part by NSF grant PHY-2014075. JS is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation under Grants No. 12025507, No. 12150015, No.12047503; and is also supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program and Key Research Program of Frontier Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grants No. XDB21010200, No. XDB23010000, and No. ZDBS-LY-7003 and CAS project for Young Scientists in Basic Research YSBR-006. XS was supported by NSF{\textquoteright}s NANOGrav Physics Frontier Center (NSF grants PHY-1430284 and PHY-2020265). RS is supported by the NSF grant PHY-1914731 and by the US-Israeli BSF Grant 2018236. CT acknowledges financial support by the DFG through the ORIGINS cluster of excellence. DJW was supported by Academy of Finland grant nos. 324882 and 328958. KPX is supported by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. SYZ is supported by in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 21F21026. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s).",

year = "2022",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1007/s10714-022-03027-x",

language = "English",

volume = "54",

journal = "GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION",

issn = "0001-7701",

publisher = "Springer New York",

number = "12",

}

Caldwell, R, Cui, Y, Guo, HK, Mandic, V, Mariotti, A, No, JM, Ramsey-Musolf, MJ, Sakellariadou, M, Sinha, K, Wang, LT, White, G, Zhao, Y, An, H, Bian, L, Caprini, C, Clesse, S, Cline, JM, Cusin, G, Fornal, B, Jinno, R, Laurent, B, Levi, N, Lyu, KF, Martinez, M, Miller, AL, Redigolo, D, Scarlata, C, Sevrin, A, Haghi, BSE, Shu, J, Siemens, X, Steer, DA, Sundrum, R, Tamarit, C, Weir, DJ, Xie, KP, Yang, FW & Zhou, S 2022, 'Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics', GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION, vol. 54, no. 12, 156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10714-022-03027-x

TY - JOUR

T1 - Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics

AU - Caldwell, Robert

AU - Cui, Yanou

AU - Guo, Huai Ke

AU - Mandic, Vuk

AU - Mariotti, Alberto

AU - No, Jose Miguel

AU - Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J.

AU - Sakellariadou, Mairi

AU - Sinha, Kuver

AU - Wang, Lian Tao

AU - White, Graham

AU - Zhao, Yue

AU - An, Haipeng

AU - Bian, Ligong

AU - Caprini, Chiara

AU - Clesse, Sebastien

AU - Cline, James M.

AU - Cusin, Giulia

AU - Fornal, Bartosz

AU - Jinno, Ryusuke

AU - Laurent, Benoit

AU - Levi, Noam

AU - Lyu, Kun Feng

AU - Martinez, Mario

AU - Miller, Andrew L.

AU - Redigolo, Diego

AU - Scarlata, Claudia

AU - Sevrin, Alexander

AU - Haghi, Barmak Shams Es

AU - Shu, Jing

AU - Siemens, Xavier

AU - Steer, Danièle A.

AU - Sundrum, Raman

AU - Tamarit, Carlos

AU - Weir, David J.

AU - Xie, Ke Pan

AU - Yang, Feng Wei

AU - Zhou, Siyi

N1 - Funding Information: RC is supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy Award No. DE-SC0010386. YC is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0008541. HG, FY and YZ are supported by U.S. Department of Energy under Award No. DESC0009959. VM is supported by NSF grant PHY2110238. VM and CS are also supported by NSF grant PHY-2011675. AM and AS are supported by the SRP High-Energy Physics and the Research Council of the VUB, AM is also supported by the EOS - be.h project n.30820817, and AS by the FWO project G006119N. JMN is supported by Ramón y Cajal Fellowship contract RYC-2017-22986, and by grant PGC2018-096646-A-I00 from the Spanish Proyectos de I+D de Generación de Conocimiento. MJRM is supported in part under U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-SC0011095, and was also supported in part under National Natural Science Foundation of China grant No. 19Z103010239. MS is supported in part by the Science and Technology Facility Council (STFC), United Kingdom, under the research grant ST/P000258/1. KS is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0009956. LTW is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-SC0013642. GW is supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan. HA is supported in part by the National Key R &D Program of China under Grant No. 2021YFC2203100 and 2017YFA0402204, the National Natural Science Foundation under Grant No. 11975134, and the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program. LB is supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China Grant No. 2021YFC2203004, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the grants Nos.12075041, 12047564, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. 2021CDJQY-011 and No. 2020CDJQY-Z003), and Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (Grants No.cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0814). SC is supported by a Starting Grant from the Belgian Francqui Foundation. JMC and BL are supported by NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council), Canada. GC is funded by Swiss National Science Foundation (Ambizione Grant). RJ is supported by the grants IFT Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2016-0597, CEX2020-001007-S and by PID2019-110058GB-C22 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF. NL is grateful for the support of the Milner Foundation via the Milner Doctoral Fellowship. KFL is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-SC0022345. MM is partially supported by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 under the grant PID2020-113701GB-I00, which includes ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. ALM is a beneficiary of a FSR Incoming Postdoctoral Fellowship. BS is supported in part by NSF grant PHY-2014075. JS is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation under Grants No. 12025507, No. 12150015, No.12047503; and is also supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program and Key Research Program of Frontier Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grants No. XDB21010200, No. XDB23010000, and No. ZDBS-LY-7003 and CAS project for Young Scientists in Basic Research YSBR-006. XS was supported by NSF’s NANOGrav Physics Frontier Center (NSF grants PHY-1430284 and PHY-2020265). RS is supported by the NSF grant PHY-1914731 and by the US-Israeli BSF Grant 2018236. CT acknowledges financial support by the DFG through the ORIGINS cluster of excellence. DJW was supported by Academy of Finland grant nos. 324882 and 328958. KPX is supported by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. SYZ is supported by in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 21F21026. Funding Information: RC is supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy Award No. DE-SC0010386. YC is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0008541. HG, FY and YZ are supported by U.S. Department of Energy under Award No. DESC0009959. VM is supported by NSF grant PHY2110238. VM and CS are also supported by NSF grant PHY-2011675. AM and AS are supported by the SRP High-Energy Physics and the Research Council of the VUB, AM is also supported by the EOS - be.h project n.30820817, and AS by the FWO project G006119N. JMN is supported by Ramón y Cajal Fellowship contract RYC-2017-22986, and by grant PGC2018-096646-A-I00 from the Spanish Proyectos de I+D de Generación de Conocimiento. MJRM is supported in part under U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-SC0011095, and was also supported in part under National Natural Science Foundation of China grant No. 19Z103010239. MS is supported in part by the Science and Technology Facility Council (STFC), United Kingdom, under the research grant ST/P000258/1. KS is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0009956. LTW is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-SC0013642. GW is supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan. HA is supported in part by the National Key R &D Program of China under Grant No. 2021YFC2203100 and 2017YFA0402204, the National Natural Science Foundation under Grant No. 11975134, and the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program. LB is supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China Grant No. 2021YFC2203004, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the grants Nos.12075041, 12047564, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. 2021CDJQY-011 and No. 2020CDJQY-Z003), and Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (Grants No.cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0814). SC is supported by a Starting Grant from the Belgian Francqui Foundation. JMC and BL are supported by NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council), Canada. GC is funded by Swiss National Science Foundation (Ambizione Grant). RJ is supported by the grants IFT Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2016-0597, CEX2020-001007-S and by PID2019-110058GB-C22 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF. NL is grateful for the support of the Milner Foundation via the Milner Doctoral Fellowship. KFL is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-SC0022345. MM is partially supported by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 under the grant PID2020-113701GB-I00, which includes ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. ALM is a beneficiary of a FSR Incoming Postdoctoral Fellowship. BS is supported in part by NSF grant PHY-2014075. JS is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation under Grants No. 12025507, No. 12150015, No.12047503; and is also supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program and Key Research Program of Frontier Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grants No. XDB21010200, No. XDB23010000, and No. ZDBS-LY-7003 and CAS project for Young Scientists in Basic Research YSBR-006. XS was supported by NSF’s NANOGrav Physics Frontier Center (NSF grants PHY-1430284 and PHY-2020265). RS is supported by the NSF grant PHY-1914731 and by the US-Israeli BSF Grant 2018236. CT acknowledges financial support by the DFG through the ORIGINS cluster of excellence. DJW was supported by Academy of Finland grant nos. 324882 and 328958. KPX is supported by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. SYZ is supported by in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 21F21026. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).

PY - 2022/12

Y1 - 2022/12

N2 - Detection of a gravitational-wave signal of non-astrophysical origin would be a landmark discovery, potentially providing a significant clue to some of our most basic, big-picture scientific questions about the Universe. In this white paper, we survey the leading early-Universe mechanisms that may produce a detectable signal—including inflation, phase transitions, topological defects, as well as primordial black holes—and highlight the connections to fundamental physics. We review the complementarity with collider searches for new physics, and multimessenger probes of the large-scale structure of the Universe.

AB - Detection of a gravitational-wave signal of non-astrophysical origin would be a landmark discovery, potentially providing a significant clue to some of our most basic, big-picture scientific questions about the Universe. In this white paper, we survey the leading early-Universe mechanisms that may produce a detectable signal—including inflation, phase transitions, topological defects, as well as primordial black holes—and highlight the connections to fundamental physics. We review the complementarity with collider searches for new physics, and multimessenger probes of the large-scale structure of the Universe.

KW - Collider and gravitational wave complementarity

KW - Dark matter

KW - Gravitational wave and EM correlation

KW - Inflation

KW - Phase transitions

KW - Primordial gravitational waves

KW - Topological defects

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144443048&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s10714-022-03027-x

DO - 10.1007/s10714-022-03027-x

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85144443048

SN - 0001-7701

VL - 54

JO - GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION

JF - GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION

IS - 12

M1 - 156

ER -

Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics

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