Die Therapie der Nahrungsverweigerung und der Anorexia nervosa in deutschsprachigen Psychiatrie-Lehrbüchern der vergangenen 200 Jahre

TY - JOUR

T1 - Die Therapie der Nahrungsverweigerung und der Anorexia nervosa in deutschsprachigen Psychiatrie-Lehrbüchern der vergangenen 200 Jahre

AU - Bergner, Lukas

AU - Himmerich, Hubertus

AU - Steinberg, Holger

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Georg Thieme Verlag. All rights reserved.

PY - 2022/9/7

Y1 - 2022/9/7

N2 - The aim of this study was to describe how the therapy of anorexia nervosa (AN) and food refusal have been discussed in leading textbooks used in German-speaking academic psychiatry over the past 200 years. For this purpose, 18 textbooks of important school psychiatrists were selected. These were analyzed in a structured way to determine the content of the subject taught at universities in German-speaking countries at a given period. We found that AN was not taught as a distinct disorder until the end of the 20th century, although great at-tention had been paid to food refusal as a symptom and manifold therapeutic concepts had been developed much earlier. Whereas at the beginning of the 19th century forced feeding using feeding tubes was established, in the following years pharmacotherapies and special diets were developed. It is noteworthy that since the beginnings of academic psychiatry, some early forms of psychotherapy have been developed; for instance, special kinds of behavior were recommended when dealing with the patient, as the therapist was supposed to serve as a role model to encourage patients to eat. Treatment of food refusal by means of structured psychotherapeutic approaches were not established before AN was generally accepted as a distinct disease entity. The understanding of etiological factors that might lead to AN as well as potential psychotherapeutic interventions have changed fundamentally over the past decades.

AB - The aim of this study was to describe how the therapy of anorexia nervosa (AN) and food refusal have been discussed in leading textbooks used in German-speaking academic psychiatry over the past 200 years. For this purpose, 18 textbooks of important school psychiatrists were selected. These were analyzed in a structured way to determine the content of the subject taught at universities in German-speaking countries at a given period. We found that AN was not taught as a distinct disorder until the end of the 20th century, although great at-tention had been paid to food refusal as a symptom and manifold therapeutic concepts had been developed much earlier. Whereas at the beginning of the 19th century forced feeding using feeding tubes was established, in the following years pharmacotherapies and special diets were developed. It is noteworthy that since the beginnings of academic psychiatry, some early forms of psychotherapy have been developed; for instance, special kinds of behavior were recommended when dealing with the patient, as the therapist was supposed to serve as a role model to encourage patients to eat. Treatment of food refusal by means of structured psychotherapeutic approaches were not established before AN was generally accepted as a distinct disease entity. The understanding of etiological factors that might lead to AN as well as potential psychotherapeutic interventions have changed fundamentally over the past decades.

KW - Anorexia nervosa

KW - Essstörungen

KW - Geschichte der Psychiatrie

KW - Nahrungsverweigerung

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85137871958&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1055/a-1897-2330

DO - 10.1055/a-1897-2330

M3 - Article

C2 - 36070770

AN - SCOPUS:85137871958

SN - 0720-4299

JO - Fortschritte der Neurologie Psychiatrie

JF - Fortschritte der Neurologie Psychiatrie

ER -