TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of orthodontic treatment on the subgingival microbiota
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Papageorgiou, Spyridon N.
AU - Xavier, Guilherme M.
AU - Cobourne, Martyn T.
AU - Eliades, Theodore
PY - 2018/7/20
Y1 - 2018/7/20
N2 - The aim of this systematic review was to assess qualitative changes induced by fixed appliance orthodontic treatment on the subgingival microbiota. Seven databases were searched up to August 2017 for randomized and nonrandomized clinical studies assessing the effect of orthodontic appliances on the subgingival bacteria in human patients. After elimination of duplicate studies, data extraction and risk of bias assessment according to the Cochrane guidelines, random-effects meta-analyses of relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed. According to controlled studies, the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the subgingival crevicular fluid of orthodontic patients was increased 3-6 months after fixed appliance insertion compared to untreated patients (2 studies; RR = 15.54; 95% CI = 3.19-75.85). There was still increased subgingival prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (3 studies; RR = 3.98; 95% CI = 1.23-12.89) and Tannerella forsythia in orthodontic patients up to 6 months after appliance removal compared to untreated patients. However, caution is warranted due to high risk of bias and imprecision. Insertion of orthodontic fixed appliances seems to be associated with a qualitative change of subgingival microbiota, which reverts to some extent back to normal in the first months after appliance removal. However, there is limited evidence on the timing and extent of these changes.
AB - The aim of this systematic review was to assess qualitative changes induced by fixed appliance orthodontic treatment on the subgingival microbiota. Seven databases were searched up to August 2017 for randomized and nonrandomized clinical studies assessing the effect of orthodontic appliances on the subgingival bacteria in human patients. After elimination of duplicate studies, data extraction and risk of bias assessment according to the Cochrane guidelines, random-effects meta-analyses of relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed. According to controlled studies, the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the subgingival crevicular fluid of orthodontic patients was increased 3-6 months after fixed appliance insertion compared to untreated patients (2 studies; RR = 15.54; 95% CI = 3.19-75.85). There was still increased subgingival prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (3 studies; RR = 3.98; 95% CI = 1.23-12.89) and Tannerella forsythia in orthodontic patients up to 6 months after appliance removal compared to untreated patients. However, caution is warranted due to high risk of bias and imprecision. Insertion of orthodontic fixed appliances seems to be associated with a qualitative change of subgingival microbiota, which reverts to some extent back to normal in the first months after appliance removal. However, there is limited evidence on the timing and extent of these changes.
KW - Clinical trials
KW - Gingival crevicular fluid
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - Orthodontic appliances
KW - Orthodontics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85050686112&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/ocr.12237
DO - 10.1111/ocr.12237
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85050686112
SN - 1601-6335
JO - Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research
JF - Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research
ER -