Effects of fMRI neurofeedback of right inferior frontal cortex on inhibitory brain activation in children with ADHD

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effects of fMRI neurofeedback of right inferior frontal cortex on inhibitory brain activation in children with ADHD

AU - Lukito, Steve

AU - Lam, Sheut Ling

AU - Criaud, Marion

AU - Westwood, Samuel

AU - Kowalczyk, Olivia S.

AU - Curran, Sarah

AU - Barrett, Nadia

AU - Abbott, Christopher

AU - Liang, Holan

AU - Simonoff, Emily

AU - Barker, Gareth J.

AU - Giampietro, Vincent

AU - Rubia, Katya

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

PY - 2024/10/21

Y1 - 2024/10/21

N2 - We aimed to replicate previous effects of functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (fMRI-NF) in right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC) on IFC activation during a Stop Task in a larger group of boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present double-blind, randomized controlled trial tested the effects of 15 runs of active versus sham fMRI-NF of rIFC on performance and activation associated with successful and failed inhibition versus Go trials during a tracking Stop task in 88 boys with ADHD (44 active; 44 sham), controlling for age and medication status. No significant group-by-time interaction effects were observed for performance or brain activation during the successful stop trials, and post hoc analysis showed very low numbers of active fMRI-NF learners. Nevertheless, during error monitoring, there was a significant group-by-time interaction effect on post-error reaction time slowing and in left IFC activation, which were both increased after active compared to sham fMRI-NF. The findings are in line with our previous observation of left IFC upregulation after fMRI-NF of rIFC relative to active fMRI-NF of parahippocampal gyrus. This highlights the potentially wider regional effects that fMRI-NF of a particular self-control target region has on other self-regulatory regions in ADHD. This article is part of the theme issue 'Neurofeedback: new territories and neurocognitive mechanisms of endogenous neuromodulation'.

AB - We aimed to replicate previous effects of functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (fMRI-NF) in right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC) on IFC activation during a Stop Task in a larger group of boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present double-blind, randomized controlled trial tested the effects of 15 runs of active versus sham fMRI-NF of rIFC on performance and activation associated with successful and failed inhibition versus Go trials during a tracking Stop task in 88 boys with ADHD (44 active; 44 sham), controlling for age and medication status. No significant group-by-time interaction effects were observed for performance or brain activation during the successful stop trials, and post hoc analysis showed very low numbers of active fMRI-NF learners. Nevertheless, during error monitoring, there was a significant group-by-time interaction effect on post-error reaction time slowing and in left IFC activation, which were both increased after active compared to sham fMRI-NF. The findings are in line with our previous observation of left IFC upregulation after fMRI-NF of rIFC relative to active fMRI-NF of parahippocampal gyrus. This highlights the potentially wider regional effects that fMRI-NF of a particular self-control target region has on other self-regulatory regions in ADHD. This article is part of the theme issue 'Neurofeedback: new territories and neurocognitive mechanisms of endogenous neuromodulation'.

KW - ADHD

KW - children

KW - fMRI neurofeedback

KW - inhibition

KW - stop-signal task

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85206872953&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1098/rstb.2023.0097

DO - 10.1098/rstb.2023.0097

M3 - Article

C2 - 39428885

AN - SCOPUS:85206872953

SN - 0962-8436

VL - 379

SP - 20230097

JO - Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

JF - Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

IS - 1915

M1 - 20230097

ER -