TY - JOUR
T1 - Efficacy of fish intake on vitamin D status
T2 - a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
AU - Lehmann, Ulrike
AU - Gjessing, Hanne Rosendahl
AU - Hirche, Frank
AU - Mueller-Belecke, Andreas
AU - Gudbrandsen, Oddrun Anita
AU - Ueland, Per Magne
AU - Mellgren, Gunnar
AU - Lauritzen, Lotte
AU - Lindqvist, Helen
AU - Hansen, Anita Lill
AU - Erkkilä, Arja T
AU - Pot, Gerda K
AU - Stangl, Gabriele I
AU - Dierkes, Jutta
N1 - © 2015 American Society for Nutrition.
PY - 2015/10
Y1 - 2015/10
N2 - BACKGROUND: It is well known that fish is the major natural source of vitamin D in the diet; therefore, this meta-analysis investigated the influence of fish consumption in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations.OBJECTIVE: A literature search was carried out in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library (up to February 2014) for RCTs that investigated the effect of fish consumption on 25(OH)D concentrations in comparison to other dietary interventions.RESULTS: Seven articles and 2 unpublished study data sets with 640 subjects and 14 study groups met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with controls, the consumption of fish increased 25(OH)D concentrations, on average, by 4.4 nmol/L (95% CI: 1.7, 7.1 nmol/L; P < 0.0001, I(2) = 25%; 9 studies).The type of the fish also played a key role: the consumption of fatty fish resulted in a mean difference of 6.8 nmol/L (95% CI: 3.7, 9.9 nmol/L; P < 0.0001, I(2) = 0%; 7 study groups), whereas for lean fish the mean difference was 1.9 nmol/L (95% CI: -2.3, 6.0 nmol/L; P < 0.38, I(2) = 37%; 7 study groups). Short-term studies (4-8 wk) showed a mean difference of 3.8 nmol/L (95% CI: 0.6, 6.9 nmol/L; P < 0.02, I(2) = 38%; 10 study groups), whereas in long-term studies (∼6 mo) the mean difference was 8.3 nmol/L (95% CI: 2.1, 14.5 nmol/L; P < 0.009, I(2) = 0%; 4 study groups).CONCLUSION: As the major food source of vitamin D, fish consumption increases concentrations of 25(OH)D, although recommended fish intakes cannot optimize vitamin D status.
AB - BACKGROUND: It is well known that fish is the major natural source of vitamin D in the diet; therefore, this meta-analysis investigated the influence of fish consumption in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations.OBJECTIVE: A literature search was carried out in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library (up to February 2014) for RCTs that investigated the effect of fish consumption on 25(OH)D concentrations in comparison to other dietary interventions.RESULTS: Seven articles and 2 unpublished study data sets with 640 subjects and 14 study groups met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with controls, the consumption of fish increased 25(OH)D concentrations, on average, by 4.4 nmol/L (95% CI: 1.7, 7.1 nmol/L; P < 0.0001, I(2) = 25%; 9 studies).The type of the fish also played a key role: the consumption of fatty fish resulted in a mean difference of 6.8 nmol/L (95% CI: 3.7, 9.9 nmol/L; P < 0.0001, I(2) = 0%; 7 study groups), whereas for lean fish the mean difference was 1.9 nmol/L (95% CI: -2.3, 6.0 nmol/L; P < 0.38, I(2) = 37%; 7 study groups). Short-term studies (4-8 wk) showed a mean difference of 3.8 nmol/L (95% CI: 0.6, 6.9 nmol/L; P < 0.02, I(2) = 38%; 10 study groups), whereas in long-term studies (∼6 mo) the mean difference was 8.3 nmol/L (95% CI: 2.1, 14.5 nmol/L; P < 0.009, I(2) = 0%; 4 study groups).CONCLUSION: As the major food source of vitamin D, fish consumption increases concentrations of 25(OH)D, although recommended fish intakes cannot optimize vitamin D status.
U2 - 10.3945/ajcn.114.105395
DO - 10.3945/ajcn.114.105395
M3 - Article
C2 - 26354531
SN - 0002-9165
VL - 102
SP - 837
EP - 847
JO - The American journal of clinical nutrition
JF - The American journal of clinical nutrition
IS - 4
ER -