Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia: implications for prevention

Simona A. Stilo; Marta Di Forti; Robin M. Murray

doi:10.2217/NPY.11.42

Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia: implications for prevention

Simona A. Stilo, Marta Di Forti, Robin M. Murray^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Literature review › peer-review

13 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The most important risk factor for schizophrenia is a positive family history, but only a minority of people with schizophrenia have an affected relative and no single gene of large effect has been consistently associated with psychosis risk. Epidemiological research has elucidated putative biological and psychosocial candidate risk factors for schizophrenia. Biological factors include advanced paternal age, exposure to obstetric events and abuse of drugs such as stimulants and cannabis. Recent evidence indicates that social factors such as migration, urban living and victimization also increase the risk. However, neither individual susceptibility genes nor individual environmental risk factors appear sufficient or necessary to cause schizophrenia. Both genetic and environmental risk factors are mostly of small effect, but the latter offer more tangible targets for prevention.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	457-466
Number of pages	10
Journal	Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
Volume	1
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.2217/NPY.11.42
Publication status	Published - Oct 2011

Keywords

1ST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS
CANNABIS USE
CHILDHOOD TRAUMA
PRENATAL EXPOSURE
BIPOLAR DISORDER
BIRTH-COHORT
PATERNAL AGE
OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS
1ST-EPISODE PSYCHOSIS
BRAIN ABNORMALITIES

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title = "Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia: implications for prevention",

abstract = "The most important risk factor for schizophrenia is a positive family history, but only a minority of people with schizophrenia have an affected relative and no single gene of large effect has been consistently associated with psychosis risk. Epidemiological research has elucidated putative biological and psychosocial candidate risk factors for schizophrenia. Biological factors include advanced paternal age, exposure to obstetric events and abuse of drugs such as stimulants and cannabis. Recent evidence indicates that social factors such as migration, urban living and victimization also increase the risk. However, neither individual susceptibility genes nor individual environmental risk factors appear sufficient or necessary to cause schizophrenia. Both genetic and environmental risk factors are mostly of small effect, but the latter offer more tangible targets for prevention.",

keywords = "1ST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS, CANNABIS USE, CHILDHOOD TRAUMA, PRENATAL EXPOSURE, BIPOLAR DISORDER, BIRTH-COHORT, PATERNAL AGE, OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS, 1ST-EPISODE PSYCHOSIS, BRAIN ABNORMALITIES",

author = "Stilo, {Simona A.} and {Di Forti}, Marta and Murray, {Robin M.}",

year = "2011",

month = oct,

doi = "10.2217/NPY.11.42",

language = "English",

volume = "1",

pages = "457--466",

journal = "Cognitive Neuropsychiatry",

issn = "1758-2008",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia: implications for prevention

AU - Stilo, Simona A.

AU - Di Forti, Marta

AU - Murray, Robin M.

PY - 2011/10

Y1 - 2011/10

N2 - The most important risk factor for schizophrenia is a positive family history, but only a minority of people with schizophrenia have an affected relative and no single gene of large effect has been consistently associated with psychosis risk. Epidemiological research has elucidated putative biological and psychosocial candidate risk factors for schizophrenia. Biological factors include advanced paternal age, exposure to obstetric events and abuse of drugs such as stimulants and cannabis. Recent evidence indicates that social factors such as migration, urban living and victimization also increase the risk. However, neither individual susceptibility genes nor individual environmental risk factors appear sufficient or necessary to cause schizophrenia. Both genetic and environmental risk factors are mostly of small effect, but the latter offer more tangible targets for prevention.

AB - The most important risk factor for schizophrenia is a positive family history, but only a minority of people with schizophrenia have an affected relative and no single gene of large effect has been consistently associated with psychosis risk. Epidemiological research has elucidated putative biological and psychosocial candidate risk factors for schizophrenia. Biological factors include advanced paternal age, exposure to obstetric events and abuse of drugs such as stimulants and cannabis. Recent evidence indicates that social factors such as migration, urban living and victimization also increase the risk. However, neither individual susceptibility genes nor individual environmental risk factors appear sufficient or necessary to cause schizophrenia. Both genetic and environmental risk factors are mostly of small effect, but the latter offer more tangible targets for prevention.

KW - 1ST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS

KW - CANNABIS USE

KW - CHILDHOOD TRAUMA

KW - PRENATAL EXPOSURE

KW - BIPOLAR DISORDER

KW - BIRTH-COHORT

KW - PATERNAL AGE

KW - OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS

KW - 1ST-EPISODE PSYCHOSIS

KW - BRAIN ABNORMALITIES

U2 - 10.2217/NPY.11.42

DO - 10.2217/NPY.11.42

M3 - Literature review

SN - 1758-2008

VL - 1

SP - 457

EP - 466

JO - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

JF - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

IS - 5

ER -

Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia: implications for prevention

Abstract

Keywords

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