Ethical Risk Assessment for Social Robots: Case Studies in Smart Robot Toys

Alan F.T. Winfield; Anouk van Maris; Katie Winkle; Marina Jirotka; Pericle Salvini; Helena Webb; Arianna Schuler Scott; Jaimie Lee Freeman; Lars Kunze; Petr Slovak; Nikki Theofanopoulou

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-09823-9_4

Ethical Risk Assessment for Social Robots: Case Studies in Smart Robot Toys

Alan F.T. Winfield, Anouk van Maris^*, Katie Winkle, Marina Jirotka, Pericle Salvini, Helena Webb, Arianna Schuler Scott, Jaimie Lee Freeman, Lars Kunze, Petr Slovak, Nikki Theofanopoulou

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Risk Assessment is a well known and powerful method for discovering and mitigating risks, and hence improving safety. Ethical Risk Assessment uses the same approach, but extends the scope of risk to cover ethical risks in addition to safety risks. In this paper we outline Ethical Risk Assessment (ERA), and set ERA within the broader framework of Responsible Robotics. We then illustrate ERA, first with a hypothetical smart robot teddy bear (RoboTed), and later with an actual smart robot toy (Purrble). Through these two case studies this paper demonstrates the value of ERA and how consideration of ethical risks can prompt design changes, resulting in more ethical and sustainable robots.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation
Subtitle of host publication	Science and Engineering
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
Pages	61-76
Number of pages	16
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09823-9_4
Publication status	Published - 2022

Publication series

Name	Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering
Volume	102
ISSN (Print)	2213-8986
ISSN (Electronic)	2213-8994

Keywords

BS8611
Ethical risk assessment
Responsible robotics
Smart robot toy
Social robots

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10.1007/978-3-031-09823-9_4

Cite this

Winfield, A. F. T., van Maris, A., Winkle, K., Jirotka, M., Salvini, P., Webb, H., Scott, A. S., Freeman, J. L., Kunze, L., Slovak, P., & Theofanopoulou, N. (2022). Ethical Risk Assessment for Social Robots: Case Studies in Smart Robot Toys. In Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering (pp. 61-76). (Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering; Vol. 102). Springer Science and Business Media B.V.. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09823-9_4

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title = "Ethical Risk Assessment for Social Robots: Case Studies in Smart Robot Toys",

abstract = "Risk Assessment is a well known and powerful method for discovering and mitigating risks, and hence improving safety. Ethical Risk Assessment uses the same approach, but extends the scope of risk to cover ethical risks in addition to safety risks. In this paper we outline Ethical Risk Assessment (ERA), and set ERA within the broader framework of Responsible Robotics. We then illustrate ERA, first with a hypothetical smart robot teddy bear (RoboTed), and later with an actual smart robot toy (Purrble). Through these two case studies this paper demonstrates the value of ERA and how consideration of ethical risks can prompt design changes, resulting in more ethical and sustainable robots.",

keywords = "BS8611, Ethical risk assessment, Responsible robotics, Smart robot toy, Social robots",

author = "Winfield, {Alan F.T.} and {van Maris}, Anouk and Katie Winkle and Marina Jirotka and Pericle Salvini and Helena Webb and Scott, {Arianna Schuler} and Freeman, {Jaimie Lee} and Lars Kunze and Petr Slovak and Nikki Theofanopoulou",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgements The work of this paper has been conducted within EPSRC project RoboTIPS, grant reference EP/S005099/1 RoboTIPS: Developing Responsible Robots for the Digital Economy. The authors are also grateful for the comments of the anonymous reviewers of ICRES 2020. The Funding Information: work of this extended paper was partially supported by the Assuring Autonomy International Programme, a partnership between Lloyd{\textquoteright}s Register Foundation and the University of York. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.",

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language = "English",

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Winfield, AFT, van Maris, A, Winkle, K, Jirotka, M, Salvini, P, Webb, H, Scott, AS, Freeman, JL, Kunze, L, Slovak, P & Theofanopoulou, N 2022, Ethical Risk Assessment for Social Robots: Case Studies in Smart Robot Toys. in Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering. Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering, vol. 102, Springer Science and Business Media B.V., pp. 61-76. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09823-9_4

Ethical Risk Assessment for Social Robots: Case Studies in Smart Robot Toys. / Winfield, Alan F.T.; van Maris, Anouk; Winkle, Katie et al.
Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering. Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022. p. 61-76 (Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering; Vol. 102).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

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AU - Salvini, Pericle

AU - Webb, Helena

AU - Scott, Arianna Schuler

AU - Freeman, Jaimie Lee

AU - Kunze, Lars

AU - Slovak, Petr

AU - Theofanopoulou, Nikki

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements The work of this paper has been conducted within EPSRC project RoboTIPS, grant reference EP/S005099/1 RoboTIPS: Developing Responsible Robots for the Digital Economy. The authors are also grateful for the comments of the anonymous reviewers of ICRES 2020. The Funding Information: work of this extended paper was partially supported by the Assuring Autonomy International Programme, a partnership between Lloyd’s Register Foundation and the University of York. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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AB - Risk Assessment is a well known and powerful method for discovering and mitigating risks, and hence improving safety. Ethical Risk Assessment uses the same approach, but extends the scope of risk to cover ethical risks in addition to safety risks. In this paper we outline Ethical Risk Assessment (ERA), and set ERA within the broader framework of Responsible Robotics. We then illustrate ERA, first with a hypothetical smart robot teddy bear (RoboTed), and later with an actual smart robot toy (Purrble). Through these two case studies this paper demonstrates the value of ERA and how consideration of ethical risks can prompt design changes, resulting in more ethical and sustainable robots.

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ER -

Winfield AFT, van Maris A, Winkle K, Jirotka M, Salvini P, Webb H et al. Ethical Risk Assessment for Social Robots: Case Studies in Smart Robot Toys. In Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering. Springer Science and Business Media B.V. 2022. p. 61-76. (Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering). doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-09823-9_4

Ethical Risk Assessment for Social Robots: Case Studies in Smart Robot Toys

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