Exploring light dark matter with the DarkSPHERE spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory

L. Balogh; C. Beaufort; M. Chapellier; E. C. Corcoran; J.-M. Coquillat; A. Dastgheibi-Fard; Y. Deng; D. Durnford; C. Garrah; G. Gerbier; I. Giomataris; G. Giroux; P. Gorel; M. Gros; P. Gros; O. Guillaudin; E. W. Hoppe; I. Katsioulas; F. Kelly; P. Knights; P. Lautridou; I. Manthos; R. D. Martin; J. Matthews; J.-F. Muraz; T. Neep; K. Nikolopoulos; P. O’Brien; M.-C. Piro; N. Rowe; D. Santos; G. Savvidis; I. Savvidis; F. Vazquez de Sola Fernandez; R. Ward; (NEWS-G Collaboration); E. Banks; L. Hamaide; C. McCabe; K. Mimasu; S. Paling

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.108.112006

Exploring light dark matter with the DarkSPHERE spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory

L. Balogh, C. Beaufort, M. Chapellier, E. C. Corcoran, J.-M. Coquillat, A. Dastgheibi-Fard, Y. Deng, D. Durnford, C. Garrah, G. Gerbier, I. Giomataris, G. Giroux, P. Gorel, M. Gros, P. Gros, O. Guillaudin, E. W. Hoppe, I. Katsioulas, F. Kelly, P. KnightsP. Lautridou, I. Manthos, R. D. Martin, J. Matthews, J.-F. Muraz, T. Neep, K. Nikolopoulos, P. O’Brien, M.-C. Piro, N. Rowe, D. Santos, G. Savvidis, I. Savvidis, F. Vazquez de Sola Fernandez, R. Ward, (NEWS-G Collaboration), E. Banks, L. Hamaide, C. McCabe, K. Mimasu, S. Paling

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Abstract

We present the conceptual design and the physics potential of DarkSphere, a proposed 3m in diameter spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory. This effort builds on the R&D performed and experience acquired by the NEWS-G Collaboration. DarkSphere is primarily designed to search for nuclear recoils from light dark matter in the 0.05–10 GeV mass range. Electroforming the spherical shell and the implementation of a shield based on pure water ensures a background level below 0.01 dru. These, combined with the proposed helium-isobutane gas mixture, will provide sensitivity to the spin-independent nucleon cross section of 2×10⁻⁴¹ (2×10⁻⁴³) cm² for a dark matter mass of 0.1(1) GeV. The use of a hydrogen-rich gas mixture with a natural abundance of ¹³C provides sensitivity to spin-dependent nucleon cross sections more than two orders of magnitude below existing constraints for dark matter lighter than 1 GeV. The characteristics of the detector also make it suitable for searches of other dark matter signatures, including scattering of MeV-scale dark matter with electrons, and superheavy dark matter with masses around the Planck scale that leave extended ionization tracks in the detector.

Original language	English
Article number	112006
Journal	Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology
Volume	108
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.112006
Publication status	Published - 13 Dec 2023

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Balogh, L., Beaufort, C., Chapellier, M., Corcoran, E. C., Coquillat, J.-M., Dastgheibi-Fard, A., Deng, Y., Durnford, D., Garrah, C., Gerbier, G., Giomataris, I., Giroux, G., Gorel, P., Gros, M., Gros, P., Guillaudin, O., Hoppe, E. W., Katsioulas, I., Kelly, F., ... Paling, S. (2023). Exploring light dark matter with the DarkSPHERE spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory. Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, 108(11), Article 112006. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.112006

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title = "Exploring light dark matter with the DarkSPHERE spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory",

abstract = "We present the conceptual design and the physics potential of DarkSphere, a proposed 3m in diameter spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory. This effort builds on the R&D performed and experience acquired by the NEWS-G Collaboration. DarkSphere is primarily designed to search for nuclear recoils from light dark matter in the 0.05–10 GeV mass range. Electroforming the spherical shell and the implementation of a shield based on pure water ensures a background level below 0.01 dru. These, combined with the proposed helium-isobutane gas mixture, will provide sensitivity to the spin-independent nucleon cross section of 2×10−41 (2×10−43) cm2 for a dark matter mass of 0.1(1) GeV. The use of a hydrogen-rich gas mixture with a natural abundance of 13C provides sensitivity to spin-dependent nucleon cross sections more than two orders of magnitude below existing constraints for dark matter lighter than 1 GeV. The characteristics of the detector also make it suitable for searches of other dark matter signatures, including scattering of MeV-scale dark matter with electrons, and superheavy dark matter with masses around the Planck scale that leave extended ionization tracks in the detector.",

author = "L. Balogh and C. Beaufort and M. Chapellier and E. C. Corcoran and J.-M. Coquillat and A. Dastgheibi-Fard and Y. Deng and D. Durnford and C. Garrah and G. Gerbier and I. Giomataris and G. Giroux and P. Gorel and M. Gros and P. Gros and O. Guillaudin and E. W. Hoppe and I. Katsioulas and F. Kelly and P. Knights and P. Lautridou and I. Manthos and R. D. Martin and J. Matthews and J.-F. Muraz and T. Neep and K. Nikolopoulos and P. O{\textquoteright}Brien and M.-C. Piro and N. Rowe and D. Santos and G. Savvidis and I. Savvidis and {Vazquez de Sola Fernandez}, F. and R. Ward and {(NEWS-G Collaboration)} and E. Banks and L. Hamaide and C. McCabe and K. Mimasu and S. Paling",

year = "2023",

month = dec,

day = "13",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.108.112006",

language = "English",

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Balogh, L, Beaufort, C, Chapellier, M, Corcoran, EC, Coquillat, J-M, Dastgheibi-Fard, A, Deng, Y, Durnford, D, Garrah, C, Gerbier, G, Giomataris, I, Giroux, G, Gorel, P, Gros, M, Gros, P, Guillaudin, O, Hoppe, EW, Katsioulas, I, Kelly, F, Knights, P, Lautridou, P, Manthos, I, Martin, RD, Matthews, J, Muraz, J-F, Neep, T, Nikolopoulos, K, O’Brien, P, Piro, M-C, Rowe, N, Santos, D, Savvidis, G, Savvidis, I, Vazquez de Sola Fernandez, F, Ward, R, (NEWS-G Collaboration), Banks, E, Hamaide, L , McCabe, C , Mimasu, K & Paling, S 2023, 'Exploring light dark matter with the DarkSPHERE spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory', Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, vol. 108, no. 11, 112006. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.112006

TY - JOUR

T1 - Exploring light dark matter with the DarkSPHERE spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory

AU - Balogh, L.

AU - Beaufort, C.

AU - Chapellier, M.

AU - Corcoran, E. C.

AU - Coquillat, J.-M.

AU - Dastgheibi-Fard, A.

AU - Deng, Y.

AU - Durnford, D.

AU - Garrah, C.

AU - Gerbier, G.

AU - Giomataris, I.

AU - Giroux, G.

AU - Gorel, P.

AU - Gros, M.

AU - Gros, P.

AU - Guillaudin, O.

AU - Hoppe, E. W.

AU - Katsioulas, I.

AU - Kelly, F.

AU - Knights, P.

AU - Lautridou, P.

AU - Manthos, I.

AU - Martin, R. D.

AU - Matthews, J.

AU - Muraz, J.-F.

AU - Neep, T.

AU - Nikolopoulos, K.

AU - O’Brien, P.

AU - Piro, M.-C.

AU - Rowe, N.

AU - Santos, D.

AU - Savvidis, G.

AU - Savvidis, I.

AU - Vazquez de Sola Fernandez, F.

AU - Ward, R.

AU - (NEWS-G Collaboration)

AU - Banks, E.

AU - Hamaide, L.

AU - McCabe, C.

AU - Mimasu, K.

AU - Paling, S.

PY - 2023/12/13

Y1 - 2023/12/13

N2 - We present the conceptual design and the physics potential of DarkSphere, a proposed 3m in diameter spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory. This effort builds on the R&D performed and experience acquired by the NEWS-G Collaboration. DarkSphere is primarily designed to search for nuclear recoils from light dark matter in the 0.05–10 GeV mass range. Electroforming the spherical shell and the implementation of a shield based on pure water ensures a background level below 0.01 dru. These, combined with the proposed helium-isobutane gas mixture, will provide sensitivity to the spin-independent nucleon cross section of 2×10−41 (2×10−43) cm2 for a dark matter mass of 0.1(1) GeV. The use of a hydrogen-rich gas mixture with a natural abundance of 13C provides sensitivity to spin-dependent nucleon cross sections more than two orders of magnitude below existing constraints for dark matter lighter than 1 GeV. The characteristics of the detector also make it suitable for searches of other dark matter signatures, including scattering of MeV-scale dark matter with electrons, and superheavy dark matter with masses around the Planck scale that leave extended ionization tracks in the detector.

AB - We present the conceptual design and the physics potential of DarkSphere, a proposed 3m in diameter spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory. This effort builds on the R&D performed and experience acquired by the NEWS-G Collaboration. DarkSphere is primarily designed to search for nuclear recoils from light dark matter in the 0.05–10 GeV mass range. Electroforming the spherical shell and the implementation of a shield based on pure water ensures a background level below 0.01 dru. These, combined with the proposed helium-isobutane gas mixture, will provide sensitivity to the spin-independent nucleon cross section of 2×10−41 (2×10−43) cm2 for a dark matter mass of 0.1(1) GeV. The use of a hydrogen-rich gas mixture with a natural abundance of 13C provides sensitivity to spin-dependent nucleon cross sections more than two orders of magnitude below existing constraints for dark matter lighter than 1 GeV. The characteristics of the detector also make it suitable for searches of other dark matter signatures, including scattering of MeV-scale dark matter with electrons, and superheavy dark matter with masses around the Planck scale that leave extended ionization tracks in the detector.

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevD.108.112006

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.108.112006

M3 - Article

VL - 108

JO - Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology

JF - Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology

IS - 11

M1 - 112006

ER -

Exploring light dark matter with the DarkSPHERE spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory

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