Fatness, fitness, and cardiometabolic risk factors in middle-aged white men

TY - JOUR

T1 - Fatness, fitness, and cardiometabolic risk factors in middle-aged white men

AU - O'Donovan, Gary

AU - Kearney, Edward

AU - Sherwood, Roy

AU - Hillsdon, Melvyn

PY - 2012/2

Y1 - 2012/2

N2 - The objective was to test the hypothesis that traditional and novel cardiometabolic risk factors would be significantly different in groups of men of different fatness and fitness. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, fibrinogen, and insulin resistance were assessed in 183 nonsmoking white men aged 35 to 53 years, including 62 who were slim and fit (waist girth = 100 cm and VO(2)max above average), and 19 who were fat and unfit (waist girth >= 100 cm and VO(2)max average or below). Seventy-six percent gave blood on 2 occasions, and the average of 1 or 2 blood tests was used in statistical tests. Waist girth (centimeters) and fitness (milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of fat-free mass) were associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, leptin, and insulin resistance after adjustment for age, saturated fat intake, and total energy intake. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, and insulin resistance were significantly different in men who were fat and fit and those who were fat and unfit. These data suggest that differences in lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, liver function, and insulin resistance may explain why the risks of chronic disease are lower in men who are fat and fit than those who are fat and unfit.

AB - The objective was to test the hypothesis that traditional and novel cardiometabolic risk factors would be significantly different in groups of men of different fatness and fitness. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, fibrinogen, and insulin resistance were assessed in 183 nonsmoking white men aged 35 to 53 years, including 62 who were slim and fit (waist girth = 100 cm and VO(2)max above average), and 19 who were fat and unfit (waist girth >= 100 cm and VO(2)max average or below). Seventy-six percent gave blood on 2 occasions, and the average of 1 or 2 blood tests was used in statistical tests. Waist girth (centimeters) and fitness (milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of fat-free mass) were associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, leptin, and insulin resistance after adjustment for age, saturated fat intake, and total energy intake. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, and insulin resistance were significantly different in men who were fat and fit and those who were fat and unfit. These data suggest that differences in lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, liver function, and insulin resistance may explain why the risks of chronic disease are lower in men who are fat and fit than those who are fat and unfit.

KW - ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY

KW - PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY

KW - CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS

KW - METABOLIC SYNDROME

KW - CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE

KW - INSULIN-RESISTANCE

KW - CONSENSUS STATEMENT

KW - HERITAGE FAMILY

KW - HDL CHOLESTEROL

KW - SEDENTARY MEN

U2 - 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.06.009

DO - 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.06.009

M3 - Article

SN - 0026-0495

VL - 61

SP - 213

EP - 220

JO - Metabolism: clinical and experimental

JF - Metabolism: clinical and experimental

IS - 2

ER -