High levels of childhood trauma associated with changes in hippocampal functional activity and connectivity in young adults during novelty salience

TY - JOUR

T1 - High levels of childhood trauma associated with changes in hippocampal functional activity and connectivity in young adults during novelty salience

AU - Derome, Mélodie

AU - Machon, Sandra

AU - Barker, Holly

AU - Kozhuharova, Petya

AU - Orlov, Natasza

AU - Morgenroth, Elenor

AU - Hugdahl, Kenneth

AU - Allen, Paul

N1 - Funding Information: This research received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. M.D was funded by the Swiss National Science foundation (P2GEP1_200019). P.A was supported by grants from the British Academy and Rosetrees Trust. P.K was supported by a University of Roehampton Doctoral bursary. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).

PY - 2023/8

Y1 - 2023/8

N2 - Childhood trauma (CT) has been linked to increased risk for psychosis. Moreover, CT has been linked to psychosis phenotypes such as impaired cognitive and sensory functions involved in the detection of novel sensory stimuli. Our objective was to investigate if CT was associated with changes in hippocampal and superior temporal gyrus functional activation and connectivity during a novelty detection task. Fifty-eight young adults were assigned to High-CT (n = 28) and Low-CT (n = 24) groups based on their scores on the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and underwent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging during an auditory oddball task (AOT). Relative to the Low CT group, High CT participants showed reduced functional activation in the left hippocampus during the unpredictable tone condition of the AOT. Furthermore, in the High CT group, psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed hypoconnectivity between the hippocampus and temporal and medial regions. The present study indicates both altered hippocampal activation and hippocampal-temporal-prefrontal connectivity during novelty detection in individuals that experienced CT, similarly to that reported in psychosis risk populations. Early stressful experiences and environments may alter hippocampal function during salient events, mediating the relationship between childhood trauma and psychosis risk.

AB - Childhood trauma (CT) has been linked to increased risk for psychosis. Moreover, CT has been linked to psychosis phenotypes such as impaired cognitive and sensory functions involved in the detection of novel sensory stimuli. Our objective was to investigate if CT was associated with changes in hippocampal and superior temporal gyrus functional activation and connectivity during a novelty detection task. Fifty-eight young adults were assigned to High-CT (n = 28) and Low-CT (n = 24) groups based on their scores on the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and underwent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging during an auditory oddball task (AOT). Relative to the Low CT group, High CT participants showed reduced functional activation in the left hippocampus during the unpredictable tone condition of the AOT. Furthermore, in the High CT group, psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed hypoconnectivity between the hippocampus and temporal and medial regions. The present study indicates both altered hippocampal activation and hippocampal-temporal-prefrontal connectivity during novelty detection in individuals that experienced CT, similarly to that reported in psychosis risk populations. Early stressful experiences and environments may alter hippocampal function during salient events, mediating the relationship between childhood trauma and psychosis risk.

KW - Development

KW - Neuroimaging

KW - Schizophrenia spectrum

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85147369119&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s00406-023-01564-3

DO - 10.1007/s00406-023-01564-3

M3 - Article

C2 - 36738332

AN - SCOPUS:85147369119

SN - 0940-1334

VL - 273

SP - 1061

EP - 1072

JO - European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience

JF - European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience

IS - 5

ER -