High Prevalence of Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Young Urban Sri-Lankan Population

Mahen Wijesuriya; Martin Gulliford; Judith Charlton; Laksha Vasantharaja; Giancarlo Viberti; Luigi Gnudi; Janaka Karalliedde

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031309

High Prevalence of Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Young Urban Sri-Lankan Population

Mahen Wijesuriya, Martin Gulliford, Judith Charlton, Laksha Vasantharaja, Giancarlo Viberti, Luigi Gnudi, Janaka Karalliedde

Population Health Sciences

National Diabetes Centre, Sri Lanka

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

11 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: South-Asian's are predisposed to early onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk-factors in young Sri-Lankans is unknown.

Methodology/Principal Findings: To determine by questionnaire and anthropometry the prevalence of first degree family history (FH) of T2DM, physical inactivity, raised waist circumference (WC) and raised body mass index (BMI) in a representative healthy urban population selected by cluster sampling. Those with >= 2 risk-factors were evaluated for metabolic syndrome (MS) and recruited for an intervention trial. Of 23,296 participants screened, 22,507 (53% Female) were eligible [8,497 aged 10-14 yrs, 4,763 aged 15-19 yrs and 9,247 aged 20-40 yrs]. 51% had none of the 4 risk-factors, 26% 1 risk-factor and 23% (5,163) >= 2 risk-factors of whom 4,532 were assessed for MS. Raised BMI was noted in 19.7% aged 10-14 yrs, 15.3% between 15-19 yrs, and between 20-40 yrs, 27.4% of males vs. 21.8% of females p<0.001. Prevalence of raised WC was greater in females for each age group: 42.7% vs. 32.1%; 28.1% vs. 16.1%; 34.5% vs. 25.7% (p<0.05 for all) as was physical inactivity: 39.9% vs. 14.5%; 51.7% vs. 20.0%; 62.7% vs. 41.3% which rose in both sexes with age (p<0.05 for all). FH of T2DM was present in 26.2%. In 4532 (50%, 16 yrs) with >= 2 risk-factors, impaired fasting glycaemia/impaired glucose tolerance (pre-diabetes) prevalence was 16%. MS was more prevalent in males [10-16 yrs (13.0% vs. 8.8%), 16-40 yrs (29.5% vs. 20.0%) p<0.001 for both].

Conclusions/Significance: There is a high prevalence of modifiable cardio-metabolic risk-factors in young urban Sri-Lankans with significant gender differences. A primary prevention intervention trial is ongoing in this cohort. Clinical Trial Registration Number SLCTR/2008/World Health Organization (WHO) international clinical trial registry platform.

Original language	English
Article number	e31309
Number of pages	6
Journal	PL o S One
Volume	7
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031309
Publication status	Published - 13 Feb 2012

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10.1371/journal.pone.0031309

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@article{872e0a799fc847268e7c522a421e39dc,

title = "High Prevalence of Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Young Urban Sri-Lankan Population",

abstract = "Background: South-Asian's are predisposed to early onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk-factors in young Sri-Lankans is unknown.Methodology/Principal Findings: To determine by questionnaire and anthropometry the prevalence of first degree family history (FH) of T2DM, physical inactivity, raised waist circumference (WC) and raised body mass index (BMI) in a representative healthy urban population selected by cluster sampling. Those with >= 2 risk-factors were evaluated for metabolic syndrome (MS) and recruited for an intervention trial. Of 23,296 participants screened, 22,507 (53% Female) were eligible [8,497 aged 10-14 yrs, 4,763 aged 15-19 yrs and 9,247 aged 20-40 yrs]. 51% had none of the 4 risk-factors, 26% 1 risk-factor and 23% (5,163) >= 2 risk-factors of whom 4,532 were assessed for MS. Raised BMI was noted in 19.7% aged 10-14 yrs, 15.3% between 15-19 yrs, and between 20-40 yrs, 27.4% of males vs. 21.8% of females p<0.001. Prevalence of raised WC was greater in females for each age group: 42.7% vs. 32.1%; 28.1% vs. 16.1%; 34.5% vs. 25.7% (p<0.05 for all) as was physical inactivity: 39.9% vs. 14.5%; 51.7% vs. 20.0%; 62.7% vs. 41.3% which rose in both sexes with age (p<0.05 for all). FH of T2DM was present in 26.2%. In 4532 (50%, 16 yrs) with >= 2 risk-factors, impaired fasting glycaemia/impaired glucose tolerance (pre-diabetes) prevalence was 16%. MS was more prevalent in males [10-16 yrs (13.0% vs. 8.8%), 16-40 yrs (29.5% vs. 20.0%) p<0.001 for both].Conclusions/Significance: There is a high prevalence of modifiable cardio-metabolic risk-factors in young urban Sri-Lankans with significant gender differences. A primary prevention intervention trial is ongoing in this cohort. Clinical Trial Registration Number SLCTR/2008/World Health Organization (WHO) international clinical trial registry platform.",

author = "Mahen Wijesuriya and Martin Gulliford and Judith Charlton and Laksha Vasantharaja and Giancarlo Viberti and Luigi Gnudi and Janaka Karalliedde",

year = "2012",

month = feb,

day = "13",

doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0031309",

language = "English",

volume = "7",

journal = "PL o S One ",

issn = "1932-6203",

publisher = "Public Library of Science",

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T1 - High Prevalence of Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Young Urban Sri-Lankan Population

AU - Wijesuriya, Mahen

AU - Gulliford, Martin

AU - Charlton, Judith

AU - Vasantharaja, Laksha

AU - Viberti, Giancarlo

AU - Gnudi, Luigi

AU - Karalliedde, Janaka

PY - 2012/2/13

Y1 - 2012/2/13

N2 - Background: South-Asian's are predisposed to early onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk-factors in young Sri-Lankans is unknown.Methodology/Principal Findings: To determine by questionnaire and anthropometry the prevalence of first degree family history (FH) of T2DM, physical inactivity, raised waist circumference (WC) and raised body mass index (BMI) in a representative healthy urban population selected by cluster sampling. Those with >= 2 risk-factors were evaluated for metabolic syndrome (MS) and recruited for an intervention trial. Of 23,296 participants screened, 22,507 (53% Female) were eligible [8,497 aged 10-14 yrs, 4,763 aged 15-19 yrs and 9,247 aged 20-40 yrs]. 51% had none of the 4 risk-factors, 26% 1 risk-factor and 23% (5,163) >= 2 risk-factors of whom 4,532 were assessed for MS. Raised BMI was noted in 19.7% aged 10-14 yrs, 15.3% between 15-19 yrs, and between 20-40 yrs, 27.4% of males vs. 21.8% of females p<0.001. Prevalence of raised WC was greater in females for each age group: 42.7% vs. 32.1%; 28.1% vs. 16.1%; 34.5% vs. 25.7% (p<0.05 for all) as was physical inactivity: 39.9% vs. 14.5%; 51.7% vs. 20.0%; 62.7% vs. 41.3% which rose in both sexes with age (p<0.05 for all). FH of T2DM was present in 26.2%. In 4532 (50%, 16 yrs) with >= 2 risk-factors, impaired fasting glycaemia/impaired glucose tolerance (pre-diabetes) prevalence was 16%. MS was more prevalent in males [10-16 yrs (13.0% vs. 8.8%), 16-40 yrs (29.5% vs. 20.0%) p<0.001 for both].Conclusions/Significance: There is a high prevalence of modifiable cardio-metabolic risk-factors in young urban Sri-Lankans with significant gender differences. A primary prevention intervention trial is ongoing in this cohort. Clinical Trial Registration Number SLCTR/2008/World Health Organization (WHO) international clinical trial registry platform.

AB - Background: South-Asian's are predisposed to early onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk-factors in young Sri-Lankans is unknown.Methodology/Principal Findings: To determine by questionnaire and anthropometry the prevalence of first degree family history (FH) of T2DM, physical inactivity, raised waist circumference (WC) and raised body mass index (BMI) in a representative healthy urban population selected by cluster sampling. Those with >= 2 risk-factors were evaluated for metabolic syndrome (MS) and recruited for an intervention trial. Of 23,296 participants screened, 22,507 (53% Female) were eligible [8,497 aged 10-14 yrs, 4,763 aged 15-19 yrs and 9,247 aged 20-40 yrs]. 51% had none of the 4 risk-factors, 26% 1 risk-factor and 23% (5,163) >= 2 risk-factors of whom 4,532 were assessed for MS. Raised BMI was noted in 19.7% aged 10-14 yrs, 15.3% between 15-19 yrs, and between 20-40 yrs, 27.4% of males vs. 21.8% of females p<0.001. Prevalence of raised WC was greater in females for each age group: 42.7% vs. 32.1%; 28.1% vs. 16.1%; 34.5% vs. 25.7% (p<0.05 for all) as was physical inactivity: 39.9% vs. 14.5%; 51.7% vs. 20.0%; 62.7% vs. 41.3% which rose in both sexes with age (p<0.05 for all). FH of T2DM was present in 26.2%. In 4532 (50%, 16 yrs) with >= 2 risk-factors, impaired fasting glycaemia/impaired glucose tolerance (pre-diabetes) prevalence was 16%. MS was more prevalent in males [10-16 yrs (13.0% vs. 8.8%), 16-40 yrs (29.5% vs. 20.0%) p<0.001 for both].Conclusions/Significance: There is a high prevalence of modifiable cardio-metabolic risk-factors in young urban Sri-Lankans with significant gender differences. A primary prevention intervention trial is ongoing in this cohort. Clinical Trial Registration Number SLCTR/2008/World Health Organization (WHO) international clinical trial registry platform.

U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0031309

DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0031309

M3 - Article

SN - 1932-6203

VL - 7

JO - PL o S One

JF - PL o S One

IS - 2

M1 - e31309

ER -

High Prevalence of Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in a Young Urban Sri-Lankan Population

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