Hypertension: a cross-sectional study of the role of multimorbidity in blood pressure control

Chandra Sarkar*, Hiten Dodhia, James Crompton, Peter Schofield, Patrick White, Christopher Millett, Mark Ashworth

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Abstract Background: Hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular long-term condition in the UK and is associated with a high rate of multimorbidity (MM). Multimorbidity increases with age, ethnicity and social deprivation. Previous studies have yielded conflicting findings about the relationship between MM and blood pressure (BP) control. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between multimorbidity and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in patients with hypertension. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of anonymised primary care data was performed for a total of 299,180 adult patients of whom 31,676 (10.6 %) had a diagnosis of hypertension. We compared mean SBP in patients with hypertension alone and those with one or more co-morbidities and analysed the effect of type of comorbidity on SBP. We constructed a regression model to identify the determinants of SBP control. Results: The strongest predictor of mean SBP was the number of comorbidities, β -0.13 (p < 0.05). Other predictors included Afro-Caribbean ethnicity, β 0.05 (p < 0.05), South Asian ethnicity, β -0.03 (p < 0.05), age, β 0.05 (p < 0.05), male gender, β 0.05 (p < 0.05) and number of hypotensive drugs β 0.06 (p < 0.05). SBP was lower by a mean of 2.03 mmHg (-2.22, -1.85) for each additional comorbidity and was lower in MM regardless of the type of morbidity. Conclusion: Hypertensive patients with MM had lower SBP than those with hypertension alone; the greater the number of MM, the lower the SBP. We found no evidence that BP control was related to BP targets, medication category or specific co-morbidity. Further research is needed to determine whether consultation rate, "white-coat hypertension" or medication adherence influence BP control in MM.

Original languageEnglish
Article number313
JournalBMC FAMILY PRACTICE
Volume16
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 7 Aug 2015

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