Identification of a dietary pattern associated with greater cardiometabolic risk in adolescence

TY - JOUR

T1 - Identification of a dietary pattern associated with greater cardiometabolic risk in adolescence

AU - Appannah, G.

AU - Pot, G. K.

AU - Huang, R. C.

AU - Oddy, W. H.

AU - Beilin, L. J.

AU - Mori, T. A.

AU - Jebb, S. A.

AU - Ambrosini, G. L.

PY - 2015/7/1

Y1 - 2015/7/1

N2 - Background and aims: Energy dense, high fat, low fibre diets may contribute to obesity in young people, however their relationships with other cardiometabolic risk factors are unclear. We examined associations between an 'energy-dense, high-fat and low-fibre' dietary pattern (DP) and cardiometabolic risk factors, and the tracking of this DP in adolescence. Methods and results: Data was sourced from participants in the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Cohort Study. At 14 and 17y, dietary intake, anthropometric and biochemical data were measured and z-scores for an 'energy dense, high fat and low fibre' DP were estimated using reduced rank regression (RRR). Associations between DP z-scores and cardiometabolic risk factors were examined using regression models. Tracking of DP z-scores was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient.A 1 SD unit increase in DP z-score between 14 and 17y was associated with a 20% greater odds of high metabolic risk (95% CI: 1.01, 1.41) and a 0.04mmol/L higher fasting glucose in boys (95% CI: 0.01, 0.08); a 28% greater odds of a high-waist circumference (95% CI: 1.00, 1.63) in girls. An increase of 3% and 4% was observed for insulin and HOMA (95% CI: 1%, 7%), respectively, in boys and girls, for every 1 SD increase in DP z-score and independently of BMI. The DP showed moderate tracking between 14 and 17y of age (. r=0.51 for boys, r=0.45 for girls). Conclusion: An 'energy dense, high fat, low fibre' DP is positively associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and tends to persist throughout adolescence.

AB - Background and aims: Energy dense, high fat, low fibre diets may contribute to obesity in young people, however their relationships with other cardiometabolic risk factors are unclear. We examined associations between an 'energy-dense, high-fat and low-fibre' dietary pattern (DP) and cardiometabolic risk factors, and the tracking of this DP in adolescence. Methods and results: Data was sourced from participants in the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Cohort Study. At 14 and 17y, dietary intake, anthropometric and biochemical data were measured and z-scores for an 'energy dense, high fat and low fibre' DP were estimated using reduced rank regression (RRR). Associations between DP z-scores and cardiometabolic risk factors were examined using regression models. Tracking of DP z-scores was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient.A 1 SD unit increase in DP z-score between 14 and 17y was associated with a 20% greater odds of high metabolic risk (95% CI: 1.01, 1.41) and a 0.04mmol/L higher fasting glucose in boys (95% CI: 0.01, 0.08); a 28% greater odds of a high-waist circumference (95% CI: 1.00, 1.63) in girls. An increase of 3% and 4% was observed for insulin and HOMA (95% CI: 1%, 7%), respectively, in boys and girls, for every 1 SD increase in DP z-score and independently of BMI. The DP showed moderate tracking between 14 and 17y of age (. r=0.51 for boys, r=0.45 for girls). Conclusion: An 'energy dense, high fat, low fibre' DP is positively associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and tends to persist throughout adolescence.

KW - Adolescents

KW - BMI

KW - Cardiometabolic risk factors

KW - CDC

KW - CSIRO

KW - CVD

KW - Dietary patterns

KW - DP

KW - Energy density

KW - Fat

KW - FFQ

KW - Fibre

KW - HDL-C

KW - HOMA

KW - IOTF

KW - LDL-C

KW - PCA

KW - PWC-170

KW - Raine

KW - Raine study

KW - RRR

KW - WC

KW - Y

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84930761267&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.04.007

DO - 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.04.007

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84930761267

SN - 0939-4753

VL - 25

SP - 643

EP - 650

JO - NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

JF - NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

IS - 7

ER -