Impact of maternal obesity on neonatal heart rate and cardiac size

Alan M Groves; Anthony N Price; Tamarind Russell-Webster; Simone Jhaveri; Yang Yang; Ellie E Battersby; Shiffa Shahid; Matais Costa Vieira; Emer Hughes; Faith Miller; Annette L Briley; Claire Singh; Paul T Seed; Phillip J Chowienczyk; Kenan W D Stern; Jennifer Cohen; Dharmintra Pasupathy; A David Edwards; Lucilla Poston; Paul D Taylor

doi:10.1136/archdischild-2021-322860

Impact of maternal obesity on neonatal heart rate and cardiac size

Alan M Groves, Anthony N Price, Tamarind Russell-Webster, Simone Jhaveri, Yang Yang, Ellie E Battersby, Shiffa Shahid, Matais Costa Vieira, Emer Hughes, Faith Miller, Annette L Briley, Claire Singh, Paul T Seed, Phillip J Chowienczyk, Kenan W D Stern, Jennifer Cohen, Dharmintra Pasupathy, A David Edwards, Lucilla Poston, Paul D Taylor

The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School
Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering
King's College London
MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America; The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America.
School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: reza.hajhosseiny@kcl.ac.uk.
National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health
Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine
Department of Biostatistics, University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
New South Wales Health Pathology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Maternal obesity may increase offspring risk of cardiovascular disease. We assessed the impact of maternal obesity on cardiac structure and function in newborns as a marker of fetal cardiac growth.

METHODS: Neonates born to mothers of healthy weight (body mass index (BMI) 20-25 kg/m2, n=56) and to mothers who were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2, n=31) underwent 25-minute continuous ECG recording and non-sedated, free-breathing cardiac MRI within 72 hours of birth.

RESULTS: Mean (SD) heart rate during sleep was higher in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese (123 (12.6) vs 114 (9.8) beats/min, p=0.002). Heart rate variability during sleep was lower in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese (SD of normal-to-normal R-R interval 34.6 (16.8) vs 43.9 (16.5) ms, p=0.05). Similar heart rate changes were seen during wakefulness. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (2.35 (0.14) vs 2.54 (0.29) mL/kg, p=0.03) and stroke volume (1.50 (0.09) vs 1.60 (0.14), p=0.04) were decreased in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese. There were no differences in left ventricular end-systolic volume, ejection fraction, output or myocardial mass between the groups.

CONCLUSION: Maternal obesity was associated with increased heart rate, decreased heart rate variability and decreased left ventricular volumes in newborns. If persistent, these changes may provide a causal mechanism for the increased cardiovascular risk in adult offspring of mothers with obesity. In turn, modifying antenatal and perinatal maternal health may have the potential to optimise long-term cardiovascular health in offspring.

Original language	English
Number of pages	7
Journal	ADC Fetal & Neonatal
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-322860
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 17 Nov 2021

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Groves, A. M., Price, A. N., Russell-Webster, T., Jhaveri, S., Yang, Y., Battersby, E. E., Shahid, S., Costa Vieira, M., Hughes, E., Miller, F., Briley, A. L., Singh, C., Seed, P. T., Chowienczyk, P. J., Stern, K. W. D., Cohen, J., Pasupathy, D., Edwards, A. D., Poston, L., & Taylor, P. D. (2021). Impact of maternal obesity on neonatal heart rate and cardiac size. ADC Fetal & Neonatal. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-322860

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title = "Impact of maternal obesity on neonatal heart rate and cardiac size",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Maternal obesity may increase offspring risk of cardiovascular disease. We assessed the impact of maternal obesity on cardiac structure and function in newborns as a marker of fetal cardiac growth.METHODS: Neonates born to mothers of healthy weight (body mass index (BMI) 20-25 kg/m2, n=56) and to mothers who were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2, n=31) underwent 25-minute continuous ECG recording and non-sedated, free-breathing cardiac MRI within 72 hours of birth.RESULTS: Mean (SD) heart rate during sleep was higher in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese (123 (12.6) vs 114 (9.8) beats/min, p=0.002). Heart rate variability during sleep was lower in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese (SD of normal-to-normal R-R interval 34.6 (16.8) vs 43.9 (16.5) ms, p=0.05). Similar heart rate changes were seen during wakefulness. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (2.35 (0.14) vs 2.54 (0.29) mL/kg, p=0.03) and stroke volume (1.50 (0.09) vs 1.60 (0.14), p=0.04) were decreased in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese. There were no differences in left ventricular end-systolic volume, ejection fraction, output or myocardial mass between the groups.CONCLUSION: Maternal obesity was associated with increased heart rate, decreased heart rate variability and decreased left ventricular volumes in newborns. If persistent, these changes may provide a causal mechanism for the increased cardiovascular risk in adult offspring of mothers with obesity. In turn, modifying antenatal and perinatal maternal health may have the potential to optimise long-term cardiovascular health in offspring.",

author = "Groves, {Alan M} and Price, {Anthony N} and Tamarind Russell-Webster and Simone Jhaveri and Yang Yang and Battersby, {Ellie E} and Shiffa Shahid and {Costa Vieira}, Matais and Emer Hughes and Faith Miller and Briley, {Annette L} and Claire Singh and Seed, {Paul T} and Chowienczyk, {Phillip J} and Stern, {Kenan W D} and Jennifer Cohen and Dharmintra Pasupathy and Edwards, {A David} and Lucilla Poston and Taylor, {Paul D}",

note = "{\textcopyright} Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.",

year = "2021",

month = nov,

day = "17",

doi = "10.1136/archdischild-2021-322860",

language = "English",

journal = "ADC Fetal & Neonatal",

issn = "1468-2052",

publisher = "BMJ Publishing Group",

}

Groves, AM, Price, AN, Russell-Webster, T, Jhaveri, S, Yang, Y, Battersby, EE, Shahid, S, Costa Vieira, M, Hughes, E, Miller, F, Briley, AL , Singh, C , Seed, PT, Chowienczyk, PJ, Stern, KWD, Cohen, J, Pasupathy, D , Edwards, AD , Poston, L & Taylor, PD 2021, 'Impact of maternal obesity on neonatal heart rate and cardiac size', ADC Fetal & Neonatal. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-322860

TY - JOUR

T1 - Impact of maternal obesity on neonatal heart rate and cardiac size

AU - Groves, Alan M

AU - Price, Anthony N

AU - Russell-Webster, Tamarind

AU - Jhaveri, Simone

AU - Yang, Yang

AU - Battersby, Ellie E

AU - Shahid, Shiffa

AU - Costa Vieira, Matais

AU - Hughes, Emer

AU - Miller, Faith

AU - Briley, Annette L

AU - Singh, Claire

AU - Seed, Paul T

AU - Chowienczyk, Phillip J

AU - Stern, Kenan W D

AU - Cohen, Jennifer

AU - Pasupathy, Dharmintra

AU - Edwards, A David

AU - Poston, Lucilla

AU - Taylor, Paul D

PY - 2021/11/17

Y1 - 2021/11/17

N2 - BACKGROUND: Maternal obesity may increase offspring risk of cardiovascular disease. We assessed the impact of maternal obesity on cardiac structure and function in newborns as a marker of fetal cardiac growth.METHODS: Neonates born to mothers of healthy weight (body mass index (BMI) 20-25 kg/m2, n=56) and to mothers who were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2, n=31) underwent 25-minute continuous ECG recording and non-sedated, free-breathing cardiac MRI within 72 hours of birth.RESULTS: Mean (SD) heart rate during sleep was higher in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese (123 (12.6) vs 114 (9.8) beats/min, p=0.002). Heart rate variability during sleep was lower in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese (SD of normal-to-normal R-R interval 34.6 (16.8) vs 43.9 (16.5) ms, p=0.05). Similar heart rate changes were seen during wakefulness. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (2.35 (0.14) vs 2.54 (0.29) mL/kg, p=0.03) and stroke volume (1.50 (0.09) vs 1.60 (0.14), p=0.04) were decreased in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese. There were no differences in left ventricular end-systolic volume, ejection fraction, output or myocardial mass between the groups.CONCLUSION: Maternal obesity was associated with increased heart rate, decreased heart rate variability and decreased left ventricular volumes in newborns. If persistent, these changes may provide a causal mechanism for the increased cardiovascular risk in adult offspring of mothers with obesity. In turn, modifying antenatal and perinatal maternal health may have the potential to optimise long-term cardiovascular health in offspring.

AB - BACKGROUND: Maternal obesity may increase offspring risk of cardiovascular disease. We assessed the impact of maternal obesity on cardiac structure and function in newborns as a marker of fetal cardiac growth.METHODS: Neonates born to mothers of healthy weight (body mass index (BMI) 20-25 kg/m2, n=56) and to mothers who were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2, n=31) underwent 25-minute continuous ECG recording and non-sedated, free-breathing cardiac MRI within 72 hours of birth.RESULTS: Mean (SD) heart rate during sleep was higher in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese (123 (12.6) vs 114 (9.8) beats/min, p=0.002). Heart rate variability during sleep was lower in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese (SD of normal-to-normal R-R interval 34.6 (16.8) vs 43.9 (16.5) ms, p=0.05). Similar heart rate changes were seen during wakefulness. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (2.35 (0.14) vs 2.54 (0.29) mL/kg, p=0.03) and stroke volume (1.50 (0.09) vs 1.60 (0.14), p=0.04) were decreased in infants born to mothers who were versus were not obese. There were no differences in left ventricular end-systolic volume, ejection fraction, output or myocardial mass between the groups.CONCLUSION: Maternal obesity was associated with increased heart rate, decreased heart rate variability and decreased left ventricular volumes in newborns. If persistent, these changes may provide a causal mechanism for the increased cardiovascular risk in adult offspring of mothers with obesity. In turn, modifying antenatal and perinatal maternal health may have the potential to optimise long-term cardiovascular health in offspring.

U2 - 10.1136/archdischild-2021-322860

DO - 10.1136/archdischild-2021-322860

M3 - Article

C2 - 34789488

SN - 1468-2052

JO - ADC Fetal & Neonatal

JF - ADC Fetal & Neonatal

ER -

Impact of maternal obesity on neonatal heart rate and cardiac size

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