Interplay between polygenic propensity for ageing-related traits and the consumption of fruits and vegetables on future dementia diagnosis

TY - JOUR

T1 - Interplay between polygenic propensity for ageing-related traits and the consumption of fruits and vegetables on future dementia diagnosis

AU - Francis, Emma Ruby

AU - Cadar, Dorina

AU - Steptoe, Andrew

AU - Ajnakina, Olesya

N1 - Funding Information: The authors express gratitude to the ELSA research participants, and the professionals involved in conducting the study. Funding Information: The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing is funded by the National Institute on Aging (grant RO1AG17644) and by a consortium of UK government departments coordinated by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). O.A. is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) (NIHR Post-Doctoral Fellowship - PDF-2018-11-ST2–020). E.F. is funded by the Medical Research Council (MRC) (MRC Doctoral Training Programme - MR/N013867/1). The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health and Social Care. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).

PY - 2022/1/30

Y1 - 2022/1/30

N2 - Background: Understanding how polygenic scores for ageing-related traits interact with diet in determining a future dementia including Alzheimer’s diagnosis (AD) would increase our understanding of mechanisms underlying dementia onset. Methods: Using 6784 population representative adults aged ≥50 years from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, we employed accelerated failure time survival model to investigate interactions between polygenic scores for AD (AD-PGS), schizophrenia (SZ-PGS) and general cognition (GC-PGS) and the baseline daily fruit and vegetable intake in association with dementia diagnosis during a 10-year follow-up. The baseline sample was obtained from waves 3–4 (2006–2009); follow-up data came from wave 5 (2010–2011) to wave 8 (2016–2017). Results: Consuming < 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day was associated with 33–37% greater risk for dementia in the following 10 years depending on an individual polygenic propensity. One standard deviation (1-SD) increase in AD-PGS was associated with 24% higher risk of dementia and 47% higher risk for AD diagnosis. 1-SD increase in SZ-PGS was associated with an increased risk of AD diagnosis by 66%(95%CI = 1.05–2.64) in participants who consumed < 5 portions of fruit or vegetables. There was a significant additive interaction between GC-PGS and < 5 portions of the baseline daily intake of fruit and vegetables in association with AD diagnosis during the 10-year follow-up (RERI = 0.70, 95%CI = 0.09–4.82; AP = 0.36, 95%CI = 0.17–0.66). Conclusion: A diet rich in fruit and vegetables is an important factor influencing the subsequent risk of dementia in the 10 years follow-up, especially in the context of polygenetic predisposition to AD, schizophrenia, and general cognition.

AB - Background: Understanding how polygenic scores for ageing-related traits interact with diet in determining a future dementia including Alzheimer’s diagnosis (AD) would increase our understanding of mechanisms underlying dementia onset. Methods: Using 6784 population representative adults aged ≥50 years from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, we employed accelerated failure time survival model to investigate interactions between polygenic scores for AD (AD-PGS), schizophrenia (SZ-PGS) and general cognition (GC-PGS) and the baseline daily fruit and vegetable intake in association with dementia diagnosis during a 10-year follow-up. The baseline sample was obtained from waves 3–4 (2006–2009); follow-up data came from wave 5 (2010–2011) to wave 8 (2016–2017). Results: Consuming < 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day was associated with 33–37% greater risk for dementia in the following 10 years depending on an individual polygenic propensity. One standard deviation (1-SD) increase in AD-PGS was associated with 24% higher risk of dementia and 47% higher risk for AD diagnosis. 1-SD increase in SZ-PGS was associated with an increased risk of AD diagnosis by 66%(95%CI = 1.05–2.64) in participants who consumed < 5 portions of fruit or vegetables. There was a significant additive interaction between GC-PGS and < 5 portions of the baseline daily intake of fruit and vegetables in association with AD diagnosis during the 10-year follow-up (RERI = 0.70, 95%CI = 0.09–4.82; AP = 0.36, 95%CI = 0.17–0.66). Conclusion: A diet rich in fruit and vegetables is an important factor influencing the subsequent risk of dementia in the 10 years follow-up, especially in the context of polygenetic predisposition to AD, schizophrenia, and general cognition.

KW - Alzheimer’s disease

KW - Dementia

KW - Diet

KW - Fruits and vegetables

KW - Polygenic susceptibility

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85123904563

U2 - 10.1186/s12888-022-03717-5

DO - 10.1186/s12888-022-03717-5

M3 - Article

C2 - 35093034

AN - SCOPUS:85123904563

SN - 1471-244X

VL - 22

JO - BMC Psychiatry

JF - BMC Psychiatry

IS - 1

M1 - 75

ER -