@article{4eebc9cdb46943989fcaabfd18c75d45,
title = "Investigating the brain structural connectome following working memory training in children born extremely preterm or extremely low birth weight",
abstract = "Children born extremely preterm (EP, <28 weeks{\textquoteright} gestation) or extremely low birth weight (ELBW, <1,000 g) are a vulnerable population at high risk of working memory impairments. We aimed to examine changes in the brain structural connectivity networks thought to underlie working memory performance, after completion of a working memory training program (Cogmed) compared with a placebo program in EP/ELBW children. This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial (the Improving Memory in a Preterm Randomised Intervention Trial). Children born EP/ELBW received either the Cogmed or placebo program at 7 years of age (n = 91). A subset of children had magnetic resonance imaging of the brain immediately pre- and 2 weeks post-training (Cogmed n = 28; placebo n = 27). T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted images were used to perform graph theoretical analysis of structural connectivity networks. Changes from pre-training to post-training in structural connectivity metrics were generally similar between randomized groups. There was little evidence that changes in structural connectivity metrics were related to changes in working memory performance from pre- to post-training. Overall, our results provide little evidence that the Cogmed working memory training program has training-specific effects on structural connectivity networks in EP/ELBW children.",
keywords = "diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, preterm birth",
author = "Kelly, {Claire E.} and Rebecca Harding and Lee, {Katherine J.} and Leona Pascoe and Josev, {Elisha K.} and Spencer-Smith, {Megan M.} and Chris Adamson and Richard Beare and Chiara Nosarti and Gehan Roberts and Doyle, {Lex W.} and Seal, {Marc L.} and Thompson, {Deanne K.} and Anderson, {Peter J.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research was conducted within the Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS) and Developmental Imaging research groups at the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and the Children's MRI Centre at The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria. The authors thank all participating children and families who made this research possible, and they thank the Royal Children's Hospital Medical Imaging staff for their assistance and expertise in the collection of the MRI data included in this study. This study was supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (Project Grant 1028422, Centre of Research Excellence in Newborn Medicine 1060733, Program Grant 606789, Senior Research Fellowship 1081288, Career Development Fellowships 1085754, 1127984, 1160003), the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, The Royal Children's Hospital Foundation, the Department of Paediatrics at The University of Melbourne, Monash University, and the Victorian Government's Operational Infrastructure Support Program. Funding Information: This research was conducted within the Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS) and Developmental Imaging research groups at the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and the Children's MRI Centre at The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria. The authors thank all participating children and families who made this research possible, and they thank the Royal Children's Hospital Medical Imaging staff for their assistance and expertise in the collection of the MRI data included in this study. This study was supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (Project Grant 1028422, Centre of Research Excellence in Newborn Medicine 1060733, Program Grant 606789, Senior Research Fellowship 1081288, Career Development Fellowships 1085754, 1127984, 1160003), the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, The Royal Children's Hospital Foundation, the Department of Paediatrics at The University of Melbourne, Monash University, and the Victorian Government's Operational Infrastructure Support Program. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC",
year = "2021",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1002/jnr.24818",
language = "English",
volume = "99",
pages = "2340--2350",
journal = "Journal of Neuroscience Research",
issn = "0360-4012",
publisher = "Wiley-Liss Inc.",
number = "10",
}