It is rocket science - why dietary nitrate is hard to Beet! part II: further mechanisms and therapeutic potential of the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway

TY - JOUR

T1 - It is rocket science - why dietary nitrate is hard to Beet! part II

T2 - further mechanisms and therapeutic potential of the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway

AU - Mills, Charlotte Elizabeth

AU - Khatri, Jibran

AU - Maskell, Perry

AU - Odongerel, Chimed

AU - Webb, Andrew James

N1 - This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PY - 2016/2/23

Y1 - 2016/2/23

N2 - Dietary nitrate (found in green leafy vegetables such as rocket and in beetroot) is now recognised to be an important source of nitric oxide, via the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. Dietary nitrate confers several cardiovascular beneficial effects on blood pressure, platelets, endothelial function, mitochondrial efficiency and exercise. Having described key twists and turns in the elucidation of the pathway and the underlying mechanisms in Part I, we explore the more recent developments which have served to confirm mechanisms, extend our understanding, and discover new properties and potential therapeutic uses of the Pathway in Part II. Even the established dependency on low oxygen states for bioactivation of nitrite has recently been challenged. Dietary nitrate appears to be an important component of 'healthy diets', such as the DASH diet to lower blood pressure and the Mediterranean diet, with its potential to lower cardiovascular risk, possibly through beneficial interactions with a range of other constituents. The World Cancer Research Foundation report strong evidence for vegetables including spinach and lettuce (high nitrate-containing) decreasing cancer risk (mouth, pharynx, larynx, oesophagus and stomach), summarised in a 'Nitrate-Cancer Risk Veg-Table'. The European Space Agency recommends beetroot, lettuce, spinach and rocket (high-nitrate vegetables) are grown to provide food for long term space missions. Nitrate, an ancient component of rocket fuel, could support sustainable crops for healthy humans. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

AB - Dietary nitrate (found in green leafy vegetables such as rocket and in beetroot) is now recognised to be an important source of nitric oxide, via the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. Dietary nitrate confers several cardiovascular beneficial effects on blood pressure, platelets, endothelial function, mitochondrial efficiency and exercise. Having described key twists and turns in the elucidation of the pathway and the underlying mechanisms in Part I, we explore the more recent developments which have served to confirm mechanisms, extend our understanding, and discover new properties and potential therapeutic uses of the Pathway in Part II. Even the established dependency on low oxygen states for bioactivation of nitrite has recently been challenged. Dietary nitrate appears to be an important component of 'healthy diets', such as the DASH diet to lower blood pressure and the Mediterranean diet, with its potential to lower cardiovascular risk, possibly through beneficial interactions with a range of other constituents. The World Cancer Research Foundation report strong evidence for vegetables including spinach and lettuce (high nitrate-containing) decreasing cancer risk (mouth, pharynx, larynx, oesophagus and stomach), summarised in a 'Nitrate-Cancer Risk Veg-Table'. The European Space Agency recommends beetroot, lettuce, spinach and rocket (high-nitrate vegetables) are grown to provide food for long term space missions. Nitrate, an ancient component of rocket fuel, could support sustainable crops for healthy humans. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

U2 - 10.1111/bcp.12918

DO - 10.1111/bcp.12918

M3 - Article

C2 - 26914827

SN - 0306-5251

JO - British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

JF - British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

ER -