Jumping to conclusions, general intelligence, and psychosis liability: Findings from the multi-centre EU-GEI case-control study

Giada Tripoli; Diego Quattrone; Laura Ferraro; Charlotte Gayer-Anderson; Victoria Rodriguez; Caterina La Cascia; Daniele La Barbera; Crocettarachele Sartorio; Fabio Seminerio; Ilaria Tarricone; Domenico Berardi; Andrei Szöke; Celso Arango; Andrea Tortelli; Pierre Michel Llorca; Lieuwe De Haan; Eva Velthorst; Julio Bobes; Miguel Bernardo; Julio Sanjuán; Jose Luis Santos; Manuel Arrojo; Cristina Marta Del-Ben; Paulo Rossi Menezes; Jean Paul Selten; Peter B. Jones; Hannah E. Jongsma; James B. Kirkbride; Antonio Lasalvia; Sarah Tosato; Alex Richards; Michael O'donovan; Bart P.F. Rutten; Jim van Os; Craig Morgan; Pak C. Sham; Robin M. Murray; Graham K. Murray; Marta Di Forti

doi:10.1017/S003329171900357X

Jumping to conclusions, general intelligence, and psychosis liability: Findings from the multi-centre EU-GEI case-control study

Giada Tripoli^*, Diego Quattrone, Laura Ferraro, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Victoria Rodriguez, Caterina La Cascia, Daniele La Barbera, Crocettarachele Sartorio, Fabio Seminerio, Ilaria Tarricone, Domenico Berardi, Andrei Szöke, Celso Arango, Andrea Tortelli, Pierre Michel Llorca, Lieuwe De Haan, Eva Velthorst, Julio Bobes, Miguel Bernardo, Julio SanjuánJose Luis Santos, Manuel Arrojo, Cristina Marta Del-Ben, Paulo Rossi Menezes, Jean Paul Selten, Peter B. Jones, Hannah E. Jongsma, James B. Kirkbride, Antonio Lasalvia, Sarah Tosato, Alex Richards, Michael O'donovan, Bart P.F. Rutten, Jim van Os, Craig Morgan, Pak C. Sham, Robin M. Murray, Graham K. Murray, Marta Di Forti

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

31 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BackgroundThe 'jumping to conclusions' (JTC) bias is associated with both psychosis and general cognition but their relationship is unclear. In this study, we set out to clarify the relationship between the JTC bias, IQ, psychosis and polygenic liability to schizophrenia and IQ.MethodsA total of 817 first episode psychosis patients and 1294 population-based controls completed assessments of general intelligence (IQ), and JTC, and provided blood or saliva samples from which we extracted DNA and computed polygenic risk scores for IQ and schizophrenia.ResultsThe estimated proportion of the total effect of case/control differences on JTC mediated by IQ was 79%. Schizophrenia polygenic risk score was non-significantly associated with a higher number of beads drawn (B = 0.47, 95% CI-0.21 to 1.16, p = 0.17); whereas IQ PRS (B = 0.51, 95% CI 0.25-0.76, p < 0.001) significantly predicted the number of beads drawn, and was thus associated with reduced JTC bias. The JTC was more strongly associated with the higher level of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in controls, including after controlling for IQ (B =-1.7, 95% CI-2.8 to-0.5, p = 0.006), but did not relate to delusions in patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the JTC reasoning bias in psychosis might not be a specific cognitive deficit but rather a manifestation or consequence, of general cognitive impairment. Whereas, in the general population, the JTC bias is related to PLEs, independent of IQ. The work has the potential to inform interventions targeting cognitive biases in early psychosis.

Original language	English
Journal	Psychological Medicine
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329171900357X
Publication status	Accepted/In press - 1 Jan 2020

Keywords

First episode psychosis
IQ
jumping to conclusions
polygenic risk score
psychotic-like experiences
symptom dimensions

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Tripoli, G., Quattrone, D., Ferraro, L., Gayer-Anderson, C., Rodriguez, V., La Cascia, C., La Barbera, D., Sartorio, C., Seminerio, F., Tarricone, I., Berardi, D., Szöke, A., Arango, C., Tortelli, A., Llorca, P. M., De Haan, L., Velthorst, E., Bobes, J., Bernardo, M., ... Di Forti, M. (Accepted/In press). Jumping to conclusions, general intelligence, and psychosis liability: Findings from the multi-centre EU-GEI case-control study. Psychological Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329171900357X

@article{1a6cea5486bb4e3e908d3f9c376759b8,

title = "Jumping to conclusions, general intelligence, and psychosis liability: Findings from the multi-centre EU-GEI case-control study",

abstract = "BackgroundThe 'jumping to conclusions' (JTC) bias is associated with both psychosis and general cognition but their relationship is unclear. In this study, we set out to clarify the relationship between the JTC bias, IQ, psychosis and polygenic liability to schizophrenia and IQ.MethodsA total of 817 first episode psychosis patients and 1294 population-based controls completed assessments of general intelligence (IQ), and JTC, and provided blood or saliva samples from which we extracted DNA and computed polygenic risk scores for IQ and schizophrenia.ResultsThe estimated proportion of the total effect of case/control differences on JTC mediated by IQ was 79%. Schizophrenia polygenic risk score was non-significantly associated with a higher number of beads drawn (B = 0.47, 95% CI-0.21 to 1.16, p = 0.17); whereas IQ PRS (B = 0.51, 95% CI 0.25-0.76, p < 0.001) significantly predicted the number of beads drawn, and was thus associated with reduced JTC bias. The JTC was more strongly associated with the higher level of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in controls, including after controlling for IQ (B =-1.7, 95% CI-2.8 to-0.5, p = 0.006), but did not relate to delusions in patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the JTC reasoning bias in psychosis might not be a specific cognitive deficit but rather a manifestation or consequence, of general cognitive impairment. Whereas, in the general population, the JTC bias is related to PLEs, independent of IQ. The work has the potential to inform interventions targeting cognitive biases in early psychosis.",

keywords = "First episode psychosis, IQ, jumping to conclusions, polygenic risk score, psychotic-like experiences, symptom dimensions",

author = "Giada Tripoli and Diego Quattrone and Laura Ferraro and Charlotte Gayer-Anderson and Victoria Rodriguez and {La Cascia}, Caterina and {La Barbera}, Daniele and Crocettarachele Sartorio and Fabio Seminerio and Ilaria Tarricone and Domenico Berardi and Andrei Sz{\"o}ke and Celso Arango and Andrea Tortelli and Llorca, {Pierre Michel} and {De Haan}, Lieuwe and Eva Velthorst and Julio Bobes and Miguel Bernardo and Julio Sanju{\'a}n and Santos, {Jose Luis} and Manuel Arrojo and Del-Ben, {Cristina Marta} and Menezes, {Paulo Rossi} and Selten, {Jean Paul} and Jones, {Peter B.} and Jongsma, {Hannah E.} and Kirkbride, {James B.} and Antonio Lasalvia and Sarah Tosato and Alex Richards and Michael O'donovan and Rutten, {Bart P.F.} and Os, {Jim van} and Craig Morgan and Sham, {Pak C.} and Murray, {Robin M.} and Murray, {Graham K.} and {Di Forti}, Marta",

year = "2020",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1017/S003329171900357X",

language = "English",

journal = "Psychological Medicine",

issn = "0033-2917",

publisher = "Cambridge University Press",

}

Tripoli, G , Quattrone, D, Ferraro, L, Gayer-Anderson, C , Rodriguez, V, La Cascia, C, La Barbera, D, Sartorio, C, Seminerio, F, Tarricone, I, Berardi, D, Szöke, A, Arango, C, Tortelli, A, Llorca, PM, De Haan, L, Velthorst, E, Bobes, J, Bernardo, M, Sanjuán, J, Santos, JL, Arrojo, M, Del-Ben, CM, Menezes, PR, Selten, JP, Jones, PB, Jongsma, HE, Kirkbride, JB, Lasalvia, A, Tosato, S, Richards, A, O'donovan, M, Rutten, BPF, Os, JV , Morgan, C , Sham, PC , Murray, RM, Murray, GK & Di Forti, M 2020, 'Jumping to conclusions, general intelligence, and psychosis liability: Findings from the multi-centre EU-GEI case-control study', Psychological Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329171900357X

TY - JOUR

T1 - Jumping to conclusions, general intelligence, and psychosis liability

T2 - Findings from the multi-centre EU-GEI case-control study

AU - Tripoli, Giada

AU - Quattrone, Diego

AU - Ferraro, Laura

AU - Gayer-Anderson, Charlotte

AU - Rodriguez, Victoria

AU - La Cascia, Caterina

AU - La Barbera, Daniele

AU - Sartorio, Crocettarachele

AU - Seminerio, Fabio

AU - Tarricone, Ilaria

AU - Berardi, Domenico

AU - Szöke, Andrei

AU - Arango, Celso

AU - Tortelli, Andrea

AU - Llorca, Pierre Michel

AU - De Haan, Lieuwe

AU - Velthorst, Eva

AU - Bobes, Julio

AU - Bernardo, Miguel

AU - Sanjuán, Julio

AU - Santos, Jose Luis

AU - Arrojo, Manuel

AU - Del-Ben, Cristina Marta

AU - Menezes, Paulo Rossi

AU - Selten, Jean Paul

AU - Jones, Peter B.

AU - Jongsma, Hannah E.

AU - Kirkbride, James B.

AU - Lasalvia, Antonio

AU - Tosato, Sarah

AU - Richards, Alex

AU - O'donovan, Michael

AU - Rutten, Bart P.F.

AU - Os, Jim van

AU - Morgan, Craig

AU - Sham, Pak C.

AU - Murray, Robin M.

AU - Murray, Graham K.

AU - Di Forti, Marta

PY - 2020/1/1

Y1 - 2020/1/1

N2 - BackgroundThe 'jumping to conclusions' (JTC) bias is associated with both psychosis and general cognition but their relationship is unclear. In this study, we set out to clarify the relationship between the JTC bias, IQ, psychosis and polygenic liability to schizophrenia and IQ.MethodsA total of 817 first episode psychosis patients and 1294 population-based controls completed assessments of general intelligence (IQ), and JTC, and provided blood or saliva samples from which we extracted DNA and computed polygenic risk scores for IQ and schizophrenia.ResultsThe estimated proportion of the total effect of case/control differences on JTC mediated by IQ was 79%. Schizophrenia polygenic risk score was non-significantly associated with a higher number of beads drawn (B = 0.47, 95% CI-0.21 to 1.16, p = 0.17); whereas IQ PRS (B = 0.51, 95% CI 0.25-0.76, p < 0.001) significantly predicted the number of beads drawn, and was thus associated with reduced JTC bias. The JTC was more strongly associated with the higher level of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in controls, including after controlling for IQ (B =-1.7, 95% CI-2.8 to-0.5, p = 0.006), but did not relate to delusions in patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the JTC reasoning bias in psychosis might not be a specific cognitive deficit but rather a manifestation or consequence, of general cognitive impairment. Whereas, in the general population, the JTC bias is related to PLEs, independent of IQ. The work has the potential to inform interventions targeting cognitive biases in early psychosis.

AB - BackgroundThe 'jumping to conclusions' (JTC) bias is associated with both psychosis and general cognition but their relationship is unclear. In this study, we set out to clarify the relationship between the JTC bias, IQ, psychosis and polygenic liability to schizophrenia and IQ.MethodsA total of 817 first episode psychosis patients and 1294 population-based controls completed assessments of general intelligence (IQ), and JTC, and provided blood or saliva samples from which we extracted DNA and computed polygenic risk scores for IQ and schizophrenia.ResultsThe estimated proportion of the total effect of case/control differences on JTC mediated by IQ was 79%. Schizophrenia polygenic risk score was non-significantly associated with a higher number of beads drawn (B = 0.47, 95% CI-0.21 to 1.16, p = 0.17); whereas IQ PRS (B = 0.51, 95% CI 0.25-0.76, p < 0.001) significantly predicted the number of beads drawn, and was thus associated with reduced JTC bias. The JTC was more strongly associated with the higher level of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in controls, including after controlling for IQ (B =-1.7, 95% CI-2.8 to-0.5, p = 0.006), but did not relate to delusions in patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the JTC reasoning bias in psychosis might not be a specific cognitive deficit but rather a manifestation or consequence, of general cognitive impairment. Whereas, in the general population, the JTC bias is related to PLEs, independent of IQ. The work has the potential to inform interventions targeting cognitive biases in early psychosis.

KW - First episode psychosis

KW - IQ

KW - jumping to conclusions

KW - polygenic risk score

KW - psychotic-like experiences

KW - symptom dimensions

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85084003712&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1017/S003329171900357X

DO - 10.1017/S003329171900357X

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85084003712

SN - 0033-2917

JO - Psychological Medicine

JF - Psychological Medicine

ER -

Jumping to conclusions, general intelligence, and psychosis liability: Findings from the multi-centre EU-GEI case-control study

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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