Jumping to conclusions, neuropsychological functioning, and delusional beliefs in first episode psychosis

Maria Aurora Falcone; Robin M Murray; Benjamin Wiffen; Jennifer O'Connor; Manuela Russo; Anna Kolliakou; Simona Stilo; Heather Taylor; Poonam Gardner-Sood; Alessandra Paparelli; Fatima Jichi; Marta Di Forti; Anthony S David; Daniel Freeman; Suzanne Jolley; Anna Anna Kolliakou

doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu104

Jumping to conclusions, neuropsychological functioning, and delusional beliefs in first episode psychosis

Maria Aurora Falcone, Robin M Murray, Benjamin Wiffen, Jennifer O'Connor, Manuela Russo, Anna Kolliakou, Simona Stilo, Heather Taylor, Poonam Gardner-Sood, Alessandra Paparelli, Fatima Jichi, Marta Di Forti, Anthony S David, Daniel Freeman, Suzanne Jolley, Anna Anna Kolliakou

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The "jumping to conclusions" (JTC) data-gathering bias is implicated in the development and maintenance of psychosis but has only recently been studied in first episode psychosis (FEP). In this study, we set out to establish the relationship of JTC in FEP with delusions and neuropsychological functioning.

METHODS: One hundred and eight FEP patients and 101 age-matched controls completed assessments of delusions, general intelligence (IQ), working memory (WM), and JTC (the probabilistic reasoning "beads" task).

RESULTS: Half the FEP participants jumped to conclusions on at least 1 task, compared with 25% of controls (OR range 2.1 to 3.9; 95% CI range 1.5 to 8.0, P values ≤ .02). JTC was associated with clinical, but not nonclinical delusion severity, and with neuropsychological functioning, irrespective of clinical status. Both IQ and delusion severity, but not WM, were independently associated with JTC in the FEP group.

CONCLUSIONS: JTC is present in FEP. The specific association of JTC with clinical delusions supports a state, maintaining role for the bias. The associations of JTC with neuropsychological functioning indicate a separable, trait aspect to the bias, which may confer vulnerability to psychosis. The work has potential to inform emerging interventions targeting reasoning biases in early psychosis.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	411-418
Number of pages	8
Journal	Schizophrenia Bulletin
Volume	41
Issue number	2
Early online date	22 Jul 2014
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbu104
Publication status	Published - Mar 2015

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Falcone et al 2015 JTC in FEP Schizophrenia Bulletin 41 411-8 Author post print versionAccepted author manuscript, 181 KB

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Falcone, M. A., Murray, R. M., Wiffen, B., O'Connor, J., Russo, M., Kolliakou, A., Stilo, S., Taylor, H., Gardner-Sood, P., Paparelli, A., Jichi, F., Di Forti, M., David, A. S., Freeman, D., Jolley, S., & Kolliakou, A. A. (2015). Jumping to conclusions, neuropsychological functioning, and delusional beliefs in first episode psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 41(2), 411-418. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbu104

@article{86142d5494474e69aa70f2548e07811d,

title = "Jumping to conclusions, neuropsychological functioning, and delusional beliefs in first episode psychosis",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: The {"}jumping to conclusions{"} (JTC) data-gathering bias is implicated in the development and maintenance of psychosis but has only recently been studied in first episode psychosis (FEP). In this study, we set out to establish the relationship of JTC in FEP with delusions and neuropsychological functioning.METHODS: One hundred and eight FEP patients and 101 age-matched controls completed assessments of delusions, general intelligence (IQ), working memory (WM), and JTC (the probabilistic reasoning {"}beads{"} task).RESULTS: Half the FEP participants jumped to conclusions on at least 1 task, compared with 25% of controls (OR range 2.1 to 3.9; 95% CI range 1.5 to 8.0, P values ≤ .02). JTC was associated with clinical, but not nonclinical delusion severity, and with neuropsychological functioning, irrespective of clinical status. Both IQ and delusion severity, but not WM, were independently associated with JTC in the FEP group.CONCLUSIONS: JTC is present in FEP. The specific association of JTC with clinical delusions supports a state, maintaining role for the bias. The associations of JTC with neuropsychological functioning indicate a separable, trait aspect to the bias, which may confer vulnerability to psychosis. The work has potential to inform emerging interventions targeting reasoning biases in early psychosis.",

author = "Falcone, {Maria Aurora} and Murray, {Robin M} and Benjamin Wiffen and Jennifer O'Connor and Manuela Russo and Anna Kolliakou and Simona Stilo and Heather Taylor and Poonam Gardner-Sood and Alessandra Paparelli and Fatima Jichi and {Di Forti}, Marta and David, {Anthony S} and Daniel Freeman and Suzanne Jolley and Kolliakou, {Anna Anna}",

year = "2015",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1093/schbul/sbu104",

language = "English",

volume = "41",

pages = "411--418",

journal = "Schizophrenia Bulletin",

issn = "0586-7614",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "2",

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Falcone, MA , Murray, RM , Wiffen, B , O'Connor, J , Russo, M , Kolliakou, A , Stilo, S , Taylor, H , Gardner-Sood, P , Paparelli, A , Jichi, F , Di Forti, M , David, AS , Freeman, D , Jolley, S & Kolliakou, AA 2015, 'Jumping to conclusions, neuropsychological functioning, and delusional beliefs in first episode psychosis', Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 411-418. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbu104

TY - JOUR

T1 - Jumping to conclusions, neuropsychological functioning, and delusional beliefs in first episode psychosis

AU - Falcone, Maria Aurora

AU - Murray, Robin M

AU - Wiffen, Benjamin

AU - O'Connor, Jennifer

AU - Russo, Manuela

AU - Kolliakou, Anna

AU - Stilo, Simona

AU - Taylor, Heather

AU - Gardner-Sood, Poonam

AU - Paparelli, Alessandra

AU - Jichi, Fatima

AU - Di Forti, Marta

AU - David, Anthony S

AU - Freeman, Daniel

AU - Jolley, Suzanne

AU - Kolliakou, Anna Anna

PY - 2015/3

Y1 - 2015/3

N2 - BACKGROUND: The "jumping to conclusions" (JTC) data-gathering bias is implicated in the development and maintenance of psychosis but has only recently been studied in first episode psychosis (FEP). In this study, we set out to establish the relationship of JTC in FEP with delusions and neuropsychological functioning.METHODS: One hundred and eight FEP patients and 101 age-matched controls completed assessments of delusions, general intelligence (IQ), working memory (WM), and JTC (the probabilistic reasoning "beads" task).RESULTS: Half the FEP participants jumped to conclusions on at least 1 task, compared with 25% of controls (OR range 2.1 to 3.9; 95% CI range 1.5 to 8.0, P values ≤ .02). JTC was associated with clinical, but not nonclinical delusion severity, and with neuropsychological functioning, irrespective of clinical status. Both IQ and delusion severity, but not WM, were independently associated with JTC in the FEP group.CONCLUSIONS: JTC is present in FEP. The specific association of JTC with clinical delusions supports a state, maintaining role for the bias. The associations of JTC with neuropsychological functioning indicate a separable, trait aspect to the bias, which may confer vulnerability to psychosis. The work has potential to inform emerging interventions targeting reasoning biases in early psychosis.

AB - BACKGROUND: The "jumping to conclusions" (JTC) data-gathering bias is implicated in the development and maintenance of psychosis but has only recently been studied in first episode psychosis (FEP). In this study, we set out to establish the relationship of JTC in FEP with delusions and neuropsychological functioning.METHODS: One hundred and eight FEP patients and 101 age-matched controls completed assessments of delusions, general intelligence (IQ), working memory (WM), and JTC (the probabilistic reasoning "beads" task).RESULTS: Half the FEP participants jumped to conclusions on at least 1 task, compared with 25% of controls (OR range 2.1 to 3.9; 95% CI range 1.5 to 8.0, P values ≤ .02). JTC was associated with clinical, but not nonclinical delusion severity, and with neuropsychological functioning, irrespective of clinical status. Both IQ and delusion severity, but not WM, were independently associated with JTC in the FEP group.CONCLUSIONS: JTC is present in FEP. The specific association of JTC with clinical delusions supports a state, maintaining role for the bias. The associations of JTC with neuropsychological functioning indicate a separable, trait aspect to the bias, which may confer vulnerability to psychosis. The work has potential to inform emerging interventions targeting reasoning biases in early psychosis.

U2 - 10.1093/schbul/sbu104

DO - 10.1093/schbul/sbu104

M3 - Article

C2 - 25053654

SN - 0586-7614

VL - 41

SP - 411

EP - 418

JO - Schizophrenia Bulletin

JF - Schizophrenia Bulletin

IS - 2

ER -

Jumping to conclusions, neuropsychological functioning, and delusional beliefs in first episode psychosis

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