TY - JOUR
T1 - Long term methylphenidate exposure and growth in children and adolescents with ADHD. A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - the ADDUCE Consortium
AU - Carucci, Sara
AU - Balia, Carla
AU - Gagliano, Antonella
AU - Lampis, Angelico
AU - Buitelaar, Jan K.
AU - Danckaerts, Marina
AU - Dittmann, Ralf W.
AU - Garas, Peter
AU - Hollis, Chris
AU - Inglis, Sarah
AU - Konrad, Kerstin
AU - Kovshoff, Hanna
AU - Liddle, Elizabeth B.
AU - McCarthy, Suzanne
AU - Nagy, Peter
AU - Panei, Pietro
AU - Romaniello, Roberta
AU - Usala, Tatiana
AU - Wong, Ian C.K.
AU - Banaschewski, Tobias
AU - Sonuga-Barke, Edmund
AU - Coghill, David
AU - Zuddas, Alessandro
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Background: Methylphenidate (MPH) is an efficacious treatment for ADHD but concerns have been raised about potential adverse effects of extended treatment on growth. Objectives: To systematically review the literature, up to December 2018, conducting a meta-analysis of association of long-term (> six months) MPH exposure with height, weight and timing of puberty. Results: Eighteen studies (ADHD n = 4868) were included in the meta-analysis. MPH was associated with consistent statistically significant pre-post difference for both height (SMD = 0.27, 95% CI 0.16-0.38, p < 0.0001) and weight (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI 0.22-0.44, p < 0.0001) Z scores, with prominent impact on weight during the first 12 months and on height within the first 24-30 months. No significant effects of dose, formulation, age and drug-naïve condition as clinical moderators were found. Data on timing of puberty are currently limited. Conclusions: Long-term treatment with MPH can result in reduction in height and weight. However, effect sizes are small with possible minimal clinical impact. Long-term prospective studies may help to clarify the underlying biological drivers and specific mediators and moderators.
AB - Background: Methylphenidate (MPH) is an efficacious treatment for ADHD but concerns have been raised about potential adverse effects of extended treatment on growth. Objectives: To systematically review the literature, up to December 2018, conducting a meta-analysis of association of long-term (> six months) MPH exposure with height, weight and timing of puberty. Results: Eighteen studies (ADHD n = 4868) were included in the meta-analysis. MPH was associated with consistent statistically significant pre-post difference for both height (SMD = 0.27, 95% CI 0.16-0.38, p < 0.0001) and weight (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI 0.22-0.44, p < 0.0001) Z scores, with prominent impact on weight during the first 12 months and on height within the first 24-30 months. No significant effects of dose, formulation, age and drug-naïve condition as clinical moderators were found. Data on timing of puberty are currently limited. Conclusions: Long-term treatment with MPH can result in reduction in height and weight. However, effect sizes are small with possible minimal clinical impact. Long-term prospective studies may help to clarify the underlying biological drivers and specific mediators and moderators.
KW - Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
KW - growth
KW - height
KW - methylphenidate
KW - puberty
KW - stimulants
KW - weight
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85097059506&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.031
DO - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.031
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33080250
AN - SCOPUS:85097059506
SN - 0149-7634
JO - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
JF - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
ER -