@article{8d10ea92f23d4303bf0ef7f0af9210b5,
title = "Measurement of the cosmogenic neutron yield in Super-Kamiokande with gadolinium loaded water",
abstract = "Cosmic-ray muons that enter the Super-Kamiokande detector cause hadronic showers due to spallation in water, producing neutrons and radioactive isotopes. These are a major background source for studies of MeV-scale neutrinos and searches for rare events. In 2020, gadolinium was introduced into the ultra-pure water in the Super-Kamiokande detector to improve the detection efficiency of neutrons. In this study, the cosmogenic neutron yield was measured using data acquired during the period after the gadolinium loading. The yield was found to be (2.76±0.02(stat)±0.19(syst))×10-4 μ-1 g-1 cm2 at an average muon energy 259 GeV at the Super-Kamiokande detector.",
author = "{(The Super-Kamiokande Collaboration)} and M. Shinoki and K. Abe and Y. Hayato and K. Hiraide and K. Hosokawa and K. Ieki and M. Ikeda and J. Kameda and Y. Kanemura and R. Kaneshima and Y. Kashiwagi and Y. Kataoka and S. Miki and S. Mine and M. Miura and S. Moriyama and Y. Nakano and M. Nakahata and S. Nakayama and Y. Noguchi and K. Okamoto and K. Sato and H. Sekiya and H. Shiba and K. Shimizu and M. Shiozawa and Y. Sonoda and Y. Suzuki and A. Takeda and Y. Takemoto and A. Takenaka and H. Tanaka and S. Watanabe and T. Yano and S. Han and T. Kajita and K. Okumura and T. Tashiro and T. Tomiya and N. Bhuiyan and T. Boschi and Burton, {G. T.} and {Di Lodovico}, F. and J. Gao and A. Goldsack and T. Katori and J. Migenda and M. Taani and Z. Xie and S. Zsoldos",
note = "Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of the Kamioka Mining and Smelting Company. The Super-Kamiokande experiment has been built and operated using funding by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the U.S. Department of Energy, and the U.S. National Science Foundation. Some of us have been supported by funds from the National Research Foundation of Korea NRF-2009-0083526 (KNRC) funded by the Ministry of Science, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and Future Planning and the Ministry of Education (No. 2018R1D1A1B07049158 and No. 2021R1I1A1A01059559), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11620101004, the Spanish Ministry of Science, Universities and Innovation (Grant No. PGC2018-099388-B-I00), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, the Scinet and Westgrid consortia of Compute Canada, the National Science Centre (No. UMO-2018/30/E/ST2/00441) and the Ministry of Education and Science (No. DIR/WK/2017/05), Poland, the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and Grid for Particle Physics (GridPP), UK, the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 754496, H2020-MSCA-RISE-2018 JENNIFER2 Grant Agreement No. 822070, and H2020-MSCA-RISE-2019 SK2HK Grant Agreement No. 872549. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the {"}https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/{"}Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.",
year = "2023",
month = may,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.107.092009",
language = "English",
volume = "107",
journal = "Physical Review D",
issn = "2470-0010",
publisher = "American Physical Society (APS)",
number = "9",
}