Mineral Surface in Calcified Plaque Is Like That of Bone Further Evidence for Regulated Mineralization

TY - JOUR

T1 - Mineral Surface in Calcified Plaque Is Like That of Bone Further Evidence for Regulated Mineralization

AU - Duer, Melinda J.

AU - Friscic, Tomislav

AU - Proudfoot, Diane

AU - Reid, David G.

AU - Schoppet, Michael

AU - Shanahan, Catherine M.

AU - Skepper, Jeremy N.

AU - Wise, Erica R.

PY - 2008/11

Y1 - 2008/11

N2 - Objectives-Cell biological studies demonstrate remarkable similarities between mineralization processes in bone and vasculature, but knowledge of the components acting to initiate mineralization in atherosclerosis is limited. The molecular level microenvironment at the organic-inorganic interface holds a record of the mechanisms controlling mineral nucleation. This study was undertaken to compare the poorly understood interface in mineralized plaque with that of bone, which is considerably better characterized. Methods and Results-Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) spectroscopy provides powerful tools for studying the organic-inorganic interface in calcium phosphate biominerals. The rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) technique, applied to calcified human plaque, shows that this interface predominantly comprises sugars, most likely glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). In this respect, and in the pattern of secondary effects seen to protein (mainly collagen), calcified plaque strongly resembles bone. Conclusion-The similarity between biomineral formed under highly controlled (bone) and pathological (plaque) conditions suggests that the control mechanisms are more similar than previously thought, and may be adaptive. It is strong further evidence for regulation of plaque mineralization by osteo/chondrocytic vascular smooth muscle cells. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:2030-2034)

AB - Objectives-Cell biological studies demonstrate remarkable similarities between mineralization processes in bone and vasculature, but knowledge of the components acting to initiate mineralization in atherosclerosis is limited. The molecular level microenvironment at the organic-inorganic interface holds a record of the mechanisms controlling mineral nucleation. This study was undertaken to compare the poorly understood interface in mineralized plaque with that of bone, which is considerably better characterized. Methods and Results-Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) spectroscopy provides powerful tools for studying the organic-inorganic interface in calcium phosphate biominerals. The rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) technique, applied to calcified human plaque, shows that this interface predominantly comprises sugars, most likely glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). In this respect, and in the pattern of secondary effects seen to protein (mainly collagen), calcified plaque strongly resembles bone. Conclusion-The similarity between biomineral formed under highly controlled (bone) and pathological (plaque) conditions suggests that the control mechanisms are more similar than previously thought, and may be adaptive. It is strong further evidence for regulation of plaque mineralization by osteo/chondrocytic vascular smooth muscle cells. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:2030-2034)

U2 - 10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.172387

DO - 10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.172387

M3 - Article

VL - 28

SP - 2030 - U208

JO - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

JF - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

IS - 11

ER -