Nanomaterials for optical biosensors in forensic analysis

TY - JOUR

T1 - Nanomaterials for optical biosensors in forensic analysis

AU - Costanzo, Hayley

AU - Gooch, James

AU - Frascione, Nunzianda

N1 - Funding Information: Drugs that are prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) are of interest to forensic chemists when considering Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs). An ADRV is defined as when an athlete or a member of their supporting team commits a doping offence and as a result, there are consequences or sanctions to that person regarding their participation in future competition [84]. The introduction of biosensing and hence the incorporation of nanotechnology to anti-doping detection is significant as biosensors may be an invaluable improvement to current analysis by offering alternative confirmatory testing alongside conventional anti-doping detection methods [85]. Such an introduction would bring the advantage of portability meaning that pitch-side testing could be carried out rapidly. The ability to perform a rapid pitch-side test would remove the need for all samples to be sent to a laboratory meaning only samples that showed a positive result during biosensor-based screening would need to be analysed for further quantification [86]. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors

PY - 2023/2/1

Y1 - 2023/2/1

N2 - Biosensors are compact analytical devices capable of transducing a biological interaction event into a measurable signal outcome in real-time. They can provide sensitive and affordable analysis of samples without the need for additional laboratory equipment or complex preparation steps. Biosensors may be beneficial for forensic analysis as they can facilitate large-scale high-throughput, sensitive screening of forensic samples to detect target molecules that are of high evidential value. Nanomaterials are gaining attention as desirable components of biosensors that can enhance detection and signal efficiency. Biosensors that incorporate nanomaterials within their design have been widely reported and developed for medical purposes but are yet to find routine employment within forensic science despite their proven potential. In this article, key examples of the use of nanomaterials within optical biosensors designed for forensic analysis are outlined. Their design and mechanism of detection are both considered throughout, discussing how nanomaterials can enhance the detection of the target analyte. The critical evaluation of the optical biosensors detailed within this review article should help to guide future optical biosensor design via the incorporation of nanomaterials, for not only forensic analysis but alternative analytical fields where such biosensors may prove a valuable addition to current workflows.

AB - Biosensors are compact analytical devices capable of transducing a biological interaction event into a measurable signal outcome in real-time. They can provide sensitive and affordable analysis of samples without the need for additional laboratory equipment or complex preparation steps. Biosensors may be beneficial for forensic analysis as they can facilitate large-scale high-throughput, sensitive screening of forensic samples to detect target molecules that are of high evidential value. Nanomaterials are gaining attention as desirable components of biosensors that can enhance detection and signal efficiency. Biosensors that incorporate nanomaterials within their design have been widely reported and developed for medical purposes but are yet to find routine employment within forensic science despite their proven potential. In this article, key examples of the use of nanomaterials within optical biosensors designed for forensic analysis are outlined. Their design and mechanism of detection are both considered throughout, discussing how nanomaterials can enhance the detection of the target analyte. The critical evaluation of the optical biosensors detailed within this review article should help to guide future optical biosensor design via the incorporation of nanomaterials, for not only forensic analysis but alternative analytical fields where such biosensors may prove a valuable addition to current workflows.

KW - Biosensor

KW - Colourimetric

KW - Fluorescence

KW - Forensic

KW - Nanomaterials

KW - Optical

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85139034381&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123945

DO - 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123945

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:85139034381

SN - 0039-9140

VL - 253

JO - TALANTA

JF - TALANTA

M1 - 123945

ER -