Chiara Sacchi, Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh, Dafnis Batalle, Serena Jane Counsell, Alessandra Simonelli, Michela Cesano, Shona Falconer, Andrew Chew, Nigel Kennea, Phumza Nongena, Mary Ann Rutherford, Anthony David Edwards, Chiara Nosarti
| Original language | English |
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| Pages (from-to) | 135-144.e10 |
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| Journal | Journal of pediatrics |
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| Volume | 238 |
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| Early online date | 23 Oct 2021 |
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| DOIs | |
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| E-pub ahead of print | 23 Oct 2021 |
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| Published | Nov 2021 |
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Funding Information:
Supported by the Medical Research Council (UK) [ MR/K006355/1 ] and uses data acquired during independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research Programme [ RP-PG-0707-10154 ]. The work was also supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London . The sponsors had no involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis, report writing, or article submission. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health. C.S. was supported by Erasmus+ programme . The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Funding Information:
Supported by the Medical Research Council (UK) [MR/K006355/1] and uses data acquired during independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research Programme [RP-PG-0707-10154]. The work was also supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. The sponsors had no involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis, report writing, or article submission. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health. C.S. was supported by Erasmus+ programme. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.We thank all e-Prime investigators for their contribution to the study. We are grateful to the families who generously took part in this research. We thank Danielle Stoller for help with children's assessments at follow-up. The work of Danielle Stoller was supported by the Medical Research Council (UK) [MR/K006355/1], and she declares no conflicts of interest.
Funding Information:
We thank all e-Prime investigators for their contribution to the study. We are grateful to the families who generously took part in this research. We thank Danielle Stoller for help with children's assessments at follow-up. The work of Danielle Stoller was supported by the Medical Research Council (UK) [ MR/K006355/1 ], and she declares no conflicts of interest.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Funding Information:
Supported by the Medical Research Council (UK) [ MR/K006355/1 ] and uses data acquired during independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research Programme [ RP-PG-0707-10154 ]. The work was also supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London . The sponsors had no involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis, report writing, or article submission. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health. C.S. was supported by Erasmus+ programme . The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Funding Information:
Supported by the Medical Research Council (UK) [MR/K006355/1] and uses data acquired during independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research Programme [RP-PG-0707-10154]. The work was also supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. The sponsors had no involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis, report writing, or article submission. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health. C.S. was supported by Erasmus+ programme. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.We thank all e-Prime investigators for their contribution to the study. We are grateful to the families who generously took part in this research. We thank Danielle Stoller for help with children's assessments at follow-up. The work of Danielle Stoller was supported by the Medical Research Council (UK) [MR/K006355/1], and she declares no conflicts of interest.
Funding Information:
We thank all e-Prime investigators for their contribution to the study. We are grateful to the families who generously took part in this research. We thank Danielle Stoller for help with children's assessments at follow-up. The work of Danielle Stoller was supported by the Medical Research Council (UK) [ MR/K006355/1 ], and she declares no conflicts of interest.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors
- Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh (Centre for the Developing Brain, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Basic and Clinical Neuroscience)
- Dafnis Batalle (Centre for the Developing Brain, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences)
- Serena Jane Counsell (Centre for the Developing Brain, Perinatal Imaging & Health)
- Shona Falconer (Centre for the Developing Brain, Perinatal Imaging & Health)
- Andrew Chew (Centre for the Developing Brain, Perinatal Imaging & Health)
- Mary Ann Rutherford (Centre for the Developing Brain, Perinatal Imaging & Health)
- Anthony David Edwards (Centre for the Developing Brain, Perinatal Imaging & Health)
- Chiara Nosarti (Centre for the Developing Brain, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, Child & Adolescent Psychiatry)
Objectives: To evaluate whether intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) adds further neurodevelopmental risk to that posed by very preterm birth alone in terms of alterations in brain growth and poorer toddlerhood outcomes. Study design: Participants were 314 infants of very preterm birth enrolled in the Evaluation of Preterm Imaging Study (e-Prime) who were subsequently followed up in toddlerhood. IUGR was identified postnatally from discharge records (n = 49) and defined according to prenatal evaluation of growth restriction confirmed by birth weight <10th percentile for gestational age and/or alterations in fetal Doppler. Appropriate for gestational age (AGA; n = 265) was defined as birth weight >10th percentile for gestational age at delivery. Infants underwent magnetic resonance imaging at term-equivalent age (median = 42 weeks); T2-weighted images were obtained for voxelwise gray matter volumes. Follow-up assessments were conducted at corrected median age of 22 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III and the Modified-Checklist for Autism in Toddlers. Results: Infants of very preterm birth with IUGR displayed a relative volumetric decrease in gray matter in limbic regions and a relative increase in frontoinsular, temporal-parietal, and frontal areas compared with peers of very preterm birth who were AGA. At follow-up, toddlers born very preterm with IUGR had significantly lower cognitive (effect size = 0.42) and motor (effect size = 0.41) scores and were more likely to have a positive Modified-Checklist for Autism in Toddlers screening for autism (OR = 2.12) compared with peers of very preterm birth who were AGA. Conclusions: IUGR might confer a neurodevelopmental risk that is greater than that posed by very preterm alone, in terms of both alterations in brain growth and poorer toddlerhood outcomes.