Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors are increasingly diagnosed, either incidentally as part of screening processes, or for symptoms, which have commonly been mistaken for other disorders initially. The diagnostic workup to characterize tumor behaviour and prognosis focuses on histologic, anatomic, and functional imaging assessments. Several therapeutic options exist for patients ranging from curative and debulking surgery through to liver-directed therapies and systemic treatments. Multimodal therapies are often required over the patient's disease history. The management paradigm can be complex but should be focused on curative resections and then on controlling symptoms and limiting disease progression. There are several new systemic therapies that have completed phase 3 studies with new compounds being studied in phase 2. Genetic and epigenetic markers may lead to a new era of personalised therapy in the future., Crown Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 487-507 |
| Number of pages | 21 |
| Journal | Gastroenterology Clinics of North America |
| Volume | 45 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2016 |
Keywords
- (3 iodobenzyl) guanidine i 131/ae [Adverse Drug Re
- (3 iodobenzyl) guanidine i 131/dt [Drug Therapy]
- *Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/di [Diagnosis]
- *Neuroendocrine Tumors/di [Diagnosis]
- *Pancreatic Neoplasms/di [Diagnosis]
- *neuroendocrine tumor/di [Diagnosis]
- *neuroendocrine tumor/dt [Drug Therapy]
- *neuroendocrine tumor/ep [Epidemiology]
- *neuroendocrine tumor/su [Surgery]
- 5 hydroxyindoleacetic acid/ec [Endogenous Compound
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Antineoplastic Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use]
- Chromogranin A/me [Metabolism]
- Digestive System Surgical Procedures
- Embolization
- Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
- Gallium Radioisotopes
- Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/me [Metabolism]
- Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/pa [Pathology]
- Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/th [Therapy]
- Hepatic Artery
- Hormonal/tu [Therapeutic Use]
- Humans
- Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/me [Metabolism]
- Liver Neoplasms/sc [Secondary]
- Liver Neoplasms/th [Therapy]
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome/th [Therapy]
- Metastasectomy
- Neoplasm Staging
- Neuroendocrine Tumors/me [Metabolism]
- Neuroendocrine Tumors/sc [Secondary]
- Neuroendocrine Tumors/th [Therapy]
- Octreotide/tu [Therapeutic Use]
- Organometallic Compounds
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/me [Metabolism]
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pa [Pathology]
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/th [Therapy]
- Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
- Radiopharmaceuticals
- Receptors
- Serotonin/me [Metabolism]
- Somatostatin/me [Metabolism]
- Therapeutic
- Tomography
- X-Ray Computed
- alpha interferon/dt [Drug Therapy]
- angiopeptin/dt [Drug Therapy]
- antineoplastic agent/dt [Drug Therapy]
- antiproliferative activity
- arterial embolization
- bone marrow suppression/si [Side Effect]
- cancer classification
- cancer growth
- cancer incidence
- cancer prognosis
- cancer screening
- capecitabine/cb [Drug Combination]
- capecitabine/ct [Clinical Trial]
- capecitabine/dt [Drug Therapy]
- chemoembolization
- chromogranin A/ec [Endogenous Compound]
- cisplatin/cb [Drug Combination]
- cisplatin/ct [Clinical Trial]
- cisplatin/dt [Drug Therapy]
- clinical feature
- computer assisted tomography
- cryotherapy
- cyclophosphamide/cb [Drug Combination]
- cyclophosphamide/dt [Drug Therapy]
- cytoreductive surgery
- doxorubicin/cb [Drug Combination]
- doxorubicin/dt [Drug Therapy]
- drug efficacy
- drug half life
- drug safety
- drug targeting
- drug tolerability
- electroporation
- etoposide/cb [Drug Combination]
- etoposide/dt [Drug Therapy]
- everolimus/ae [Adverse Drug Reaction]
- everolimus/cb [Drug Combination]
- everolimus/cm [Drug Comparison]
- everolimus/ct [Clinical Trial]
- everolimus/dt [Drug Therapy]
- everolimus/pd [Pharmacology]
- fatigue/si [Side Effect]
- fluorouracil/cb [Drug Combination]
- fluorouracil/dt [Drug Therapy]
- gastrinoma
- gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor/di [Di
- gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor/dt [Dr
- gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor/ep [Ep
- gemcitabine/dt [Drug Therapy]
- gene mutation
- glucagonoma
- histopathology
- human
- incidental finding
- insulinoma
- irinotecan/cb [Drug Combination]
- irinotecan/dt [Drug Therapy]
- liver metastasis/di [Diagnosis]
- liver metastasis/su [Surgery]
- liver metastasis/th [Therapy]
- metastasis/dt [Drug Therapy]
- microwave thermotherapy
- mucosa inflammation/si [Side Effect]
- multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1/ep [Epidemiolo
- neuroendocrine tumor/dt [Drug Therapy]
- nuclear magnetic resonance imaging
- octreotide/cb [Drug Combination]
- octreotide/cm [Drug Comparison]
- octreotide/ct [Clinical Trial]
- octreotide/dt [Drug Therapy]
- octreotide/iv [Intravenous Drug Administration]
- octreotide/pk [Pharmacokinetics]
- octreotide/sc [Subcutaneous Drug Administration]
- pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor/di [Diagnosis]
- pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor/dt [Drug Therapy]
- pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor/ep [Epidemiology]
- pasireotide/cm [Drug Comparison]
- pasireotide/ct [Clinical Trial]
- pasireotide/dt [Drug Therapy]
- personalized medicine
- placebo
- radiofrequency ablation
- radioisotope therapy
- review
- selective internal radiation therapy
- sensitivity and specificity
- serotonin/ec [Endogenous Compound]
- somatostatin derivative/pd [Pharmacology]
- somatostatinoma
- standardized incidence ratio
- streptozocin/cb [Drug Combination]
- streptozocin/ct [Clinical Trial]
- streptozocin/dt [Drug Therapy]
- sunitinib/cm [Drug Comparison]
- sunitinib/ct [Clinical Trial]
- sunitinib/dt [Drug Therapy]
- sunitinib/pd [Pharmacology]
- systemic therapy
- temozolomide/cb [Drug Combination]
- temozolomide/dt [Drug Therapy]
- thalidomide/cb [Drug Combination]
- thalidomide/dt [Drug Therapy]
- vipoma
- yttrium 90 XT - bone marrow suppression / side ef
