Neuropsychiatric manifestations in the antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome

G Sanna, M L Bertolaccini, M A Khamashta, G R V Hughes

Research output: Contribution to journalLiterature reviewpeer-review

Abstract

The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterised by arterial and/or venous thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity in the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and/or lupus anticoagulant (LA). Any organ and any size of vessel can be affected in this disorder. APS can occur either as a primary disorder (PAPS) or secondary to a connective tissue disease, more frequently systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The full impact of APS on neurology is now becoming more widely recognised. The range of clinical manifestations of APS associated with the central nervous system (CNS) is comprehensive and includes focal symptoms attributable to lesions in a specific area of the brain as well as diffuse or global dysfunction. In this review we will attempt to high-light the broad spectrum of the neurological conditions that have been reported in association with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL)
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)199 - 209
Number of pages11
JournalProgressi in Reumatologia
Volume5
Issue number2
Publication statusPublished - 2004

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