TY - JOUR
T1 - Non-invasive Reporter Gene Imaging of Cell Therapies, including T Cells and Stem Cells
AU - Ashmore-Harris, Candice
AU - Iafrate, Madeleine
AU - Saleem, Adeel
AU - Fruhwirth, Gilbert O.
PY - 2020/6/3
Y1 - 2020/6/3
N2 - Cell therapies represent a rapidly emerging class of new therapeutics. They are intended and developed for the treatment of some of the most prevalent human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and for regenerative medicine. Currently, they are largely developed without precise assessment of their in vivo distribution, efficacy, or survival either clinically or preclinically. However, it would be highly beneficial for both preclinical cell therapy development and subsequent clinical use to assess these parameters in situ to enable enhancements in efficacy, applicability, and safety. Molecular imaging can be exploited to track cells non-invasively on the whole-body level and can enable monitoring for prolonged periods in a manner compatible with rapidly expanding cell types. In this review, we explain how in vivo imaging can aid the development and clinical translation of cell-based therapeutics. We describe the underlying principles governing non-invasive in vivo long-term cell tracking in the preclinical and clinical settings, including available imaging technologies, reporter genes, and imaging agents as well as pitfalls related to experimental design. Our emphasis is on adoptively transferred T cell and stem cell therapies.
AB - Cell therapies represent a rapidly emerging class of new therapeutics. They are intended and developed for the treatment of some of the most prevalent human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and for regenerative medicine. Currently, they are largely developed without precise assessment of their in vivo distribution, efficacy, or survival either clinically or preclinically. However, it would be highly beneficial for both preclinical cell therapy development and subsequent clinical use to assess these parameters in situ to enable enhancements in efficacy, applicability, and safety. Molecular imaging can be exploited to track cells non-invasively on the whole-body level and can enable monitoring for prolonged periods in a manner compatible with rapidly expanding cell types. In this review, we explain how in vivo imaging can aid the development and clinical translation of cell-based therapeutics. We describe the underlying principles governing non-invasive in vivo long-term cell tracking in the preclinical and clinical settings, including available imaging technologies, reporter genes, and imaging agents as well as pitfalls related to experimental design. Our emphasis is on adoptively transferred T cell and stem cell therapies.
KW - adoptive cell therapy
KW - cell tracking
KW - immunotherapy
KW - molecular imaging
KW - prostate-specific membrane antigen
KW - sodium iodide symporter
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85082816438&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.03.016
DO - 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.03.016
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32243834
AN - SCOPUS:85082816438
SN - 1525-0016
VL - 28
SP - 1392
EP - 1416
JO - Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy
JF - Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy
IS - 6
M1 - 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.03.016
ER -