TY - JOUR
T1 - Nonlinear up-conversion of a polarization Möbius strip with half-integer optical angular momentum
AU - Luttmann, Martin
AU - Vimal, Mekha
AU - Guer, Matthieu
AU - Hergott, Jean-François
AU - Khoury, Antonio Zelaquett
AU - Hernández-García, Carlos
AU - Pisanty, Emilio
AU - Ruchon, Thierry
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the French "Investments for the Future" of the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (contract nos. 11-EQPX0005-ATTOLAB, ANR-14-CE32-0010 - Xstase, ANR-10-LABX-0039-PALM ATTO-Foam, and ANR HELIMAG ANR-21-CE30-0037), the Scientific Cooperation Foundation of Paris-Saclay University through the funding of the OPT2X research project (Lidex 2014), the Île-de-France region through the Pulse-X project, and the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program no. EU-H2020-LASERLABEUROPE654148. E.P. acknowledges support by the Royal Society through the University Research Fellowship URF\R1\211390. C.H.-G. acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (grant agreement no. 851201), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (RYC-2017-22745, PID2019-106910GB-I00), and Junta de Castilla y León (SA287P18). A.Z.K. acknowledges funding from Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Informação Quântica (INCT-IQ 465469/2014-0), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, grant 2021/06823-5).
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments Funding:ThisworkwassupportedbytheFrench“InvestmentsfortheFuture”oftheAgence NationalepourlaRecherche(contractnos.11-EQPX0005-A TT OLAB,ANR-14-CE32-0010-Xstase, ANR-10-LABX-0039-PALMA TT O-Foam,andANRHELIMAGANR-21-CE30-0037),theScientific Cooperation Foundation of Paris-Saclay University through the funding of the OPT2X research project (Lidex 2014), the Île-de-France region through the Pulse-X project, and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program no. EU-H2020-LASERLAB-EUROPE654148.E.P .acknowledgessupportbytheRoy al SocietythroughtheUniversityResearch FellowshipURF\R1\211390.C.H.-G.acknowledgessupportfromtheEuropeanResearchCouncil (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (grant agreementno.851201),MinisteriodeCienciaeInnovación(RYC-2017-22745,PID2019-106910GB-I00),andJuntadeCastillayLeón(SA287P18).A.Z.K.acknowledgesfundingfrom FundaçãoCarlosChagasFilhodeAmparoàPesquisadoEstadodoRiodeJaneiro(FAPERJ), InstitutoNacionaldeCiênciaeT ecnologia deInformaçãoQuântica(INCT-IQ465469/2014-0), FundaçãodeAmparoàPesquisadoEstadodeSãoPaulo(FAPESP ,grant2021/06823-5).Author contributions:M.L.,M.V ., andT .R. conceivedtheexperiment.M.L.,M.V ., andJ.-F .H. performedthe experimentandcollectedthedata.M.L.analyzedthedata.M.G.andC.H.-G.performedthe simulations.M.L.,T .R., E.P ., C.H.-G.,A.Z.K.,andM.G.interpretedtheresults.M.L.andT .R. wrotethe manuscriptwithcontributionsfromallauthors.Competinginterests:Theauthorsdeclarethat theyhavenocompetinginterests.Dataandmaterialsavailability:Alldataneededtoevaluate theconclusionsinthepaperarepresentinthepaperand/ortheSupplementaryMaterials.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved.
PY - 2023/3/24
Y1 - 2023/3/24
N2 - Symmetries and conservation laws of energy, linear momentum, and angular momentum play a central role in nonlinear optics. Recently, paraxial light fields with nontrivial topology have been attracting a keen interest. Despite not being eigenstates of the orbital and spin angular momenta (OAM and SAM), they are eigenstates of the generalized angular momentum (GAM) operator—a mixture of the OAM and SAM operators with fractional eigenvalues. By driving high harmonic generation with a polarization Möbius strip carrying a half-integer GAM charge and implementing angular momentum characterization methods in the extreme ultraviolet range, we demonstrate the linear scaling of the GAM with the harmonic order, each harmonic carrying a precise half-integer GAM charge. Our work shows that beyond SAM and OAM, the GAM is, in some situations, an appropriate quantum number. It paves the way for finer manipulations and applications of light beams containing fractional-order polarization singularities.
AB - Symmetries and conservation laws of energy, linear momentum, and angular momentum play a central role in nonlinear optics. Recently, paraxial light fields with nontrivial topology have been attracting a keen interest. Despite not being eigenstates of the orbital and spin angular momenta (OAM and SAM), they are eigenstates of the generalized angular momentum (GAM) operator—a mixture of the OAM and SAM operators with fractional eigenvalues. By driving high harmonic generation with a polarization Möbius strip carrying a half-integer GAM charge and implementing angular momentum characterization methods in the extreme ultraviolet range, we demonstrate the linear scaling of the GAM with the harmonic order, each harmonic carrying a precise half-integer GAM charge. Our work shows that beyond SAM and OAM, the GAM is, in some situations, an appropriate quantum number. It paves the way for finer manipulations and applications of light beams containing fractional-order polarization singularities.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85151045005&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1126/sciadv.adf3486
DO - 10.1126/sciadv.adf3486
M3 - Article
SN - 2375-2548
VL - 9
JO - Science Advances
JF - Science Advances
IS - 12
M1 - eadf3486
ER -