Opinion on ‘Responsible Dual Use’: Political, Security, Intelligence and Military Research of Concern in Neuroscience and Neurotechnology

Christine Aicardi; Lise Bitsch; Nicklas Bang Bådum,; Saheli Datta Burton; Kathinka Evers; Michele Farisco; B. Tyr Fothergill; James Giordano; Emma Harris; Marie Louise Jørgensen,; Lars Klüver,; Tara Mahfoud; Stephen Rainey; Karen Riisgaard; Nikolas Rose; Arleen Salles; Bernd Carsten Stahl; Inga Ulnicane; Lars Klüver; Tara Mahfoud; Nikolas Rose

doi:10.5281/zenodo.4588600

Opinion on ‘Responsible Dual Use’: Political, Security, Intelligence and Military Research of Concern in Neuroscience and Neurotechnology

Christine Aicardi, Lise Bitsch, Nicklas Bang Bådum,, Saheli Datta Burton, Kathinka Evers, Michele Farisco, B. Tyr Fothergill, James Giordano, Emma Harris, Marie Louise Jørgensen,, Lars Klüver,, Tara Mahfoud, Stephen Rainey, Karen Riisgaard, Nikolas Rose, Arleen Salles, Bernd Carsten Stahl, Inga Ulnicane, Lars Klüver (Editor), Tara Mahfoud (Editor)Nikolas Rose (Editor)

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Abstract

Current and newly emerging insights and technologies arising from research in brain sciences increase capabilities to access, assess and affect thought, emotion and behaviour. While much of this research and development is directed towards clinical use, it also has applications in other settings, notably in the political, security,1 intelligence and military (PSIM) domains. This is often referred to in terms of ‘Dual Use’.2 Many of these potential uses raise important social and ethical questions which demand the attention of all those involved in the research, administration, management and regulation of neuroscience research and related technological developments, including those in information and communication technologies and robotics. For this reason, the Ethics and Society division of the Human Brain Project undertook research, organized a series of consultations, webinars, workshops and surveys with citizens, experts, scientists and engineers and other stakeholders, and developed a number of scoping reports to identify current and potential applications of brain research and brain inspired technologies in the above-mentioned domains and to analyse their social and ethical implications. In these activities, we explored the strengths and weaknesses of existing definitions of dual use, undertook conceptual clarification of the issues involved, described the scope of existing regulation in the EU and elsewhere and identified key ambiguities in those regulations and guidelines, including the undertakings that researchers are required to make before receiving EC funding. These reports form the basis of this Opinion and its recommendations to the Human Brain Project, to the wider neuroscience and ICT community, to authorities and industry concerned with political, security, intelligence and military research and development in neuroscience, neurotechnology and brain ICT, and to EU member states and the European Union.

Original language	English
Number of pages	20
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4588600
Publication status	Published - 2018

Keywords

Human Brain Project
Ethics and Society
dual use
Responsible Research and Innovation

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10.5281/zenodo.4588600Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

HBPEthics&Society_2018_Opinion on Responsible Dual UseFinal published version, 1.17 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

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Aicardi, C., Bitsch, L., Bådum, N. B., Datta Burton, S., Evers, K., Farisco, M., Fothergill, B. T., Giordano, J., Harris, E., Jørgensen, M. L., Klüver, L., Mahfoud, T., Rainey, S., Riisgaard, K., Rose, N., Salles, A., Stahl, B. C., Ulnicane, I., Klüver, L. (Ed.), ... Rose, N. (Ed.) (2018). Opinion on ‘Responsible Dual Use’: Political, Security, Intelligence and Military Research of Concern in Neuroscience and Neurotechnology. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4588600

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abstract = "Current and newly emerging insights and technologies arising from research in brain sciences increase capabilities to access, assess and affect thought, emotion and behaviour. While much of this research and development is directed towards clinical use, it also has applications in other settings, notably in the political, security,1 intelligence and military (PSIM) domains. This is often referred to in terms of {\textquoteleft}Dual Use{\textquoteright}.2 Many of these potential uses raise important social and ethical questions which demand the attention of all those involved in the research, administration, management and regulation of neuroscience research and related technological developments, including those in information and communication technologies and robotics. For this reason, the Ethics and Society division of the Human Brain Project undertook research, organized a series of consultations, webinars, workshops and surveys with citizens, experts, scientists and engineers and other stakeholders, and developed a number of scoping reports to identify current and potential applications of brain research and brain inspired technologies in the above-mentioned domains and to analyse their social and ethical implications. In these activities, we explored the strengths and weaknesses of existing definitions of dual use, undertook conceptual clarification of the issues involved, described the scope of existing regulation in the EU and elsewhere and identified key ambiguities in those regulations and guidelines, including the undertakings that researchers are required to make before receiving EC funding. These reports form the basis of this Opinion and its recommendations to the Human Brain Project, to the wider neuroscience and ICT community, to authorities and industry concerned with political, security, intelligence and military research and development in neuroscience, neurotechnology and brain ICT, and to EU member states and the European Union.",

keywords = "Human Brain Project, Ethics and Society, dual use, Responsible Research and Innovation",

author = "Christine Aicardi and Lise Bitsch and B{\aa}dum,, {Nicklas Bang} and {Datta Burton}, Saheli and Kathinka Evers and Michele Farisco and Fothergill, {B. Tyr} and James Giordano and Emma Harris and J{\o}rgensen,, {Marie Louise} and Lars Kl{\"u}ver, and Tara Mahfoud and Stephen Rainey and Karen Riisgaard and Nikolas Rose and Arleen Salles and Stahl, {Bernd Carsten} and Inga Ulnicane",

editor = "Lars Kl{\"u}ver and Tara Mahfoud and Nikolas Rose",

year = "2018",

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language = "English",

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Aicardi, C, Bitsch, L, Bådum, NB, Datta Burton, S, Evers, K, Farisco, M, Fothergill, BT, Giordano, J, Harris, E, Jørgensen, ML, Klüver, L, Mahfoud, T, Rainey, S, Riisgaard, K, Rose, N, Salles, A, Stahl, BC, Ulnicane, I, Klüver, L (ed.), Mahfoud, T (ed.) & Rose, N (ed.) 2018, Opinion on ‘Responsible Dual Use’: Political, Security, Intelligence and Military Research of Concern in Neuroscience and Neurotechnology. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4588600

TY - BOOK

T1 - Opinion on ‘Responsible Dual Use’

T2 - Political, Security, Intelligence and Military Research of Concern in Neuroscience and Neurotechnology

AU - Aicardi, Christine

AU - Bitsch, Lise

AU - Bådum,, Nicklas Bang

AU - Datta Burton, Saheli

AU - Evers, Kathinka

AU - Farisco, Michele

AU - Fothergill, B. Tyr

AU - Giordano, James

AU - Harris, Emma

AU - Jørgensen,, Marie Louise

AU - Klüver,, Lars

AU - Mahfoud, Tara

AU - Rainey, Stephen

AU - Riisgaard, Karen

AU - Rose, Nikolas

AU - Salles, Arleen

AU - Stahl, Bernd Carsten

AU - Ulnicane, Inga

A2 - Klüver, Lars

A2 - Mahfoud, Tara

A2 - Rose, Nikolas

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

N2 - Current and newly emerging insights and technologies arising from research in brain sciences increase capabilities to access, assess and affect thought, emotion and behaviour. While much of this research and development is directed towards clinical use, it also has applications in other settings, notably in the political, security,1 intelligence and military (PSIM) domains. This is often referred to in terms of ‘Dual Use’.2 Many of these potential uses raise important social and ethical questions which demand the attention of all those involved in the research, administration, management and regulation of neuroscience research and related technological developments, including those in information and communication technologies and robotics. For this reason, the Ethics and Society division of the Human Brain Project undertook research, organized a series of consultations, webinars, workshops and surveys with citizens, experts, scientists and engineers and other stakeholders, and developed a number of scoping reports to identify current and potential applications of brain research and brain inspired technologies in the above-mentioned domains and to analyse their social and ethical implications. In these activities, we explored the strengths and weaknesses of existing definitions of dual use, undertook conceptual clarification of the issues involved, described the scope of existing regulation in the EU and elsewhere and identified key ambiguities in those regulations and guidelines, including the undertakings that researchers are required to make before receiving EC funding. These reports form the basis of this Opinion and its recommendations to the Human Brain Project, to the wider neuroscience and ICT community, to authorities and industry concerned with political, security, intelligence and military research and development in neuroscience, neurotechnology and brain ICT, and to EU member states and the European Union.

AB - Current and newly emerging insights and technologies arising from research in brain sciences increase capabilities to access, assess and affect thought, emotion and behaviour. While much of this research and development is directed towards clinical use, it also has applications in other settings, notably in the political, security,1 intelligence and military (PSIM) domains. This is often referred to in terms of ‘Dual Use’.2 Many of these potential uses raise important social and ethical questions which demand the attention of all those involved in the research, administration, management and regulation of neuroscience research and related technological developments, including those in information and communication technologies and robotics. For this reason, the Ethics and Society division of the Human Brain Project undertook research, organized a series of consultations, webinars, workshops and surveys with citizens, experts, scientists and engineers and other stakeholders, and developed a number of scoping reports to identify current and potential applications of brain research and brain inspired technologies in the above-mentioned domains and to analyse their social and ethical implications. In these activities, we explored the strengths and weaknesses of existing definitions of dual use, undertook conceptual clarification of the issues involved, described the scope of existing regulation in the EU and elsewhere and identified key ambiguities in those regulations and guidelines, including the undertakings that researchers are required to make before receiving EC funding. These reports form the basis of this Opinion and its recommendations to the Human Brain Project, to the wider neuroscience and ICT community, to authorities and industry concerned with political, security, intelligence and military research and development in neuroscience, neurotechnology and brain ICT, and to EU member states and the European Union.

KW - Human Brain Project

KW - Ethics and Society

KW - dual use

KW - Responsible Research and Innovation

U2 - 10.5281/zenodo.4588600

DO - 10.5281/zenodo.4588600

M3 - Report

BT - Opinion on ‘Responsible Dual Use’

ER -

Opinion on ‘Responsible Dual Use’: Political, Security, Intelligence and Military Research of Concern in Neuroscience and Neurotechnology

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