Predicting fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the greater london area: An ensemble approach using machine learning methods

Mahdieh Danesh Yazdi*, Zheng Kuang, Konstantina Dimakopoulou, Benjamin Barratt, Esra Suel, Heresh Amini, Alexei Lyapustin, Klea Katsouyanni, Joel Schwartz

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

96 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Estimating air pollution exposure has long been a challenge for environmental health researchers. Technological advances and novel machine learning methods have allowed us to increase the geographic range and accuracy of exposure models, making them a valuable tool in conducting health studies and identifying hotspots of pollution. Here, we have created a prediction model for daily PM2.5 levels in the Greater London area from 1st January 2005 to 31st December 2013 using an ensemble machine learning approach incorporating satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD), land use, and meteorological data. The predictions were made on a 1 km x 1 km scale over 3960 grid cells. The ensemble included predictions from three different machine learners: a random forest (RF), a gradient boosting machine (GBM), and a k-nearest neighbor (KNN) approach. Our ensemble model performed very well, with a ten-fold cross-validated R2 of 0.828. Of the three machine learners, the random forest outperformed the GBM and KNN. Our model was particularly adept at predicting day-to-day changes in PM2.5 levels with an out-of-sample temporal R2 of 0.882. However, its ability to predict spatial variability was weaker, with a R2 of 0.396. We believe this to be due to the smaller spatial variation in pollutant levels in this area.

Original languageEnglish
Article number914
JournalREMOTE SENSING
Volume12
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Mar 2020

Keywords

  • Air pollution
  • Exposure modeling
  • Machine learning
  • Particulate matter

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Predicting fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the greater london area: An ensemble approach using machine learning methods'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this