Prevalence of diabetes in people with intellectual disabilities and age- and gender-matched controls: A meta-analysis

Davy Vancampfort; Felipe Schuch; Tine Van Damme; Joseph Firth; Shuichi Suetani; Brendon Stubbs; Debbie Van Biesen

doi:10.1111/jar.12949

Original language	English
Journal	JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Volume	35
Issue number	2
Early online date	17 Oct 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12949
Accepted/In press	2021
E-pub ahead of print	17 Oct 2021
Additional links	Link to publication in Scopus

Bibliographical note

Funding Information: Joseph Firth is supported by a University of Manchester Presidential Fellowship (P123958) and a UK Research and Innovation Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/T021780/1). Brendon Stubbs is supported by a Clinical Lectureship (ICA‐CL‐2017‐03‐001) jointly funded by Health Education England (HEE) and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). Brendon Stubbs is also part funded by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. Brendon Stubbs holds active grants with the Medical Research Council (GCRF and multimorbidity calls) and Guys and St Thomas Charity (GSTT). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the (partner organisation), the NHS, the NIHR, the Department of Health and Social Care, the MRC or GSTT. Funding Information: Guys and St Thomas Charity (GSTT); Medical Research Council; South London Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR); Health Education England (HEE); Clinical Lectureship, Grant/Award Number: ICA‐CL‐2017‐03‐001; UK Research and Innovation Future Leaders Fellowship, Grant/Award Number: MR/T021780/1; University of Manchester Presidential Fellowship, Grant/Award Number: P123958 Funding information Publisher Copyright: © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Abstract

Background: This meta-analysis aims to: (i) describe the pooled prevalence of diabetes in people with intellectual disabilities, (ii) investigate the association with demographic, clinical and treatment-related factors and (iii) compare the prevalence versus age- and gender-matched general population controls. Methods: Pubmed, Embase and CINAHL were searched until 01 May 2021. Random effects meta-analysis and an odds ratio analysis were conducted to compare rates with controls. Results: The trim- and fill-adjusted pooled diabetes prevalence amongst 55,548 individuals with intellectual disabilities (N studies = 33) was 8.5% (95% CI = 7.2%–10.0%). The trim- and fill-adjusted odds for diabetes was 2.46 times higher (95% CI = 1.89–3.21) (n = 42,684) versus controls (n = 4,177,550). Older age (R² =.83, p <.001), smoking (R² =.30, p =.009) and co-morbid depression (R² =.18, p =.04), anxiety (R² =.97, p <.001), and hypertension (R² = 0.29, p <.001) were associated with higher diabetes prevalence rates. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that people with intellectual disabilities are at an increased risk of diabetes, and therefore routine screening and multidisciplinary management of diabetes is needed.

King's College London

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