TY - JOUR
T1 - Priming of Frames and Slots in Bilingual Children's Code-Mixing: A Usage-Based Approach
AU - Endesfelder Quick, Antje
AU - Gaskins, Dorota Katarzyna
AU - Frick, Maria
N1 - Funding Information:
We acknowledged the support from University of Leipzig for Open Access Publishing. The study was partly conducted as a part of the Academy of Finland project Linguistic and bodily involvement in multicultural interactions.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2021 Quick, Gaskins and Frick.
PY - 2021/10/22
Y1 - 2021/10/22
N2 - This article investigates the role of direct input in the code-mixing of three bilingual children aged 2–4 years acquiring English as one language, and either German, Polish, or Finnish as the other. From a usage-based perspective, it is assumed that early children’s utterances are item-based and that they contain many lexically fixed patterns. To account for such patterns, the traceback method has been developed to test the hypothesis that children’s utterances are constructed on the basis of a limited inventory of chunks and frame-and-slot patterns. We apply this method to the code-mixed utterances, suggesting that much of the code-mixing occurs within frame-and-slot patterns, such as Was ist X? as in Was ist breakfast muesli? “What is breakfast muesli?” We further analyzed each code-mixed utterance in terms of priming. Our findings suggest that much of the early code-mixing is based on concrete lexically fixed patterns which are subject to input occurring in immediately prior speech, either the child’s own or that of her caregivers.
AB - This article investigates the role of direct input in the code-mixing of three bilingual children aged 2–4 years acquiring English as one language, and either German, Polish, or Finnish as the other. From a usage-based perspective, it is assumed that early children’s utterances are item-based and that they contain many lexically fixed patterns. To account for such patterns, the traceback method has been developed to test the hypothesis that children’s utterances are constructed on the basis of a limited inventory of chunks and frame-and-slot patterns. We apply this method to the code-mixed utterances, suggesting that much of the code-mixing occurs within frame-and-slot patterns, such as Was ist X? as in Was ist breakfast muesli? “What is breakfast muesli?” We further analyzed each code-mixed utterance in terms of priming. Our findings suggest that much of the early code-mixing is based on concrete lexically fixed patterns which are subject to input occurring in immediately prior speech, either the child’s own or that of her caregivers.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118694863&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.726764
DO - 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.726764
M3 - Article
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 12
JO - Frontiers in Psychology
JF - Frontiers in Psychology
M1 - 726764
ER -