Probing the Si(001) surface with a Si tip: An ab initio study

TY - JOUR

T1 - Probing the Si(001) surface with a Si tip: An ab initio study

AU - Kantorovich, L

AU - Hobbs, Chris

PY - 2006

Y1 - 2006

N2 - Topographic noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) images of the p(2x1) and c(4x2) reconstructions of the Si(001) surface are simulated for the cases of weak and strong tip-surface interactions and various temperatures using ab initio density functional theory. In the simulations the surface is imaged by a sharp silicon tip with a single dangling bond at its apex. At a very close approach to the surface, the tip flips a surface dimer when positioned close to its lower atom. The energy barriers for an individual flipped surface dimer to regain its initial configuration are calculated to be similar to 0.1 eV, implying that the surface should be able to "heal" itself at all but extremely low temperatures during one oscillation cycle of the cantilever. Thus, at small enough temperatures, T = 200 K dimers flip back and forth easily resulting in an apparent symmetric p(2x1) phase and noticeable dissipation. At small frequency shifts the dimers do not flip, still the upper dimer atoms are imaged as bright so that surface reconstruction can easily be determined. The possibility of manipulating the orientation of dimers at low temperatures and large frequency shifts by means of preprogrammed scan directions, is also discussed

AB - Topographic noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) images of the p(2x1) and c(4x2) reconstructions of the Si(001) surface are simulated for the cases of weak and strong tip-surface interactions and various temperatures using ab initio density functional theory. In the simulations the surface is imaged by a sharp silicon tip with a single dangling bond at its apex. At a very close approach to the surface, the tip flips a surface dimer when positioned close to its lower atom. The energy barriers for an individual flipped surface dimer to regain its initial configuration are calculated to be similar to 0.1 eV, implying that the surface should be able to "heal" itself at all but extremely low temperatures during one oscillation cycle of the cantilever. Thus, at small enough temperatures, T = 200 K dimers flip back and forth easily resulting in an apparent symmetric p(2x1) phase and noticeable dissipation. At small frequency shifts the dimers do not flip, still the upper dimer atoms are imaged as bright so that surface reconstruction can easily be determined. The possibility of manipulating the orientation of dimers at low temperatures and large frequency shifts by means of preprogrammed scan directions, is also discussed

M3 - Article

SN - 1550-235X

VL - 73

JO - Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics)

JF - Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics)

IS - 24

M1 - 245420

ER -